Esposito S, Galante D, Barba D
Chemioterapia. 1986 Apr;5(2):101-4.
The determination of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) at different bacterial inocula represents an important factor in determining the potential effectiveness of new antibiotics. MICs at different inocula (10(5) and 10(7) CFU/ml) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of cefmetazole and seven other new cephalosporins (ceftazidime, ceftizoxime, cefamandole, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, cefoxitin) were determined by a miniaturized dilution broth method against a wide range of gram-positive, gram-negative and non-fermentative bacteria. The results of the present investigation confirm that all the beta-lactams under examination including cefmetazole exert a good or satisfactory antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria; and that only ceftazidime possesses antipseudomonas activity. MBCs and MICs at heavy inoculum are two times higher than MICs at light inoculum. These results could explain the spread by different mechanisms of bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics.
在不同细菌接种量下测定最低抑菌浓度(MICs)是确定新型抗生素潜在有效性的一个重要因素。采用微量稀释肉汤法,针对多种革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌和非发酵菌,测定了头孢美唑以及其他七种新型头孢菌素(头孢他啶、头孢唑肟、头孢孟多、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢呋辛、头孢西丁)在不同接种量(10⁵和10⁷CFU/ml)时的MICs以及最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。本研究结果证实,包括头孢美唑在内的所有受试β-内酰胺类药物对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均具有良好或令人满意的抗菌活性;并且只有头孢他啶具有抗假单胞菌活性。高接种量时的MBC和MIC比低接种量时的MIC高两倍。这些结果可以解释对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药的细菌通过不同机制传播的现象。