Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Ronald O Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Clin Dermatol. 2022 Jan-Feb;40(1):4-10. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2021.08.008. Epub 2021 Aug 8.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a serious and debilitating psychiatric condition that disproportionately presents in dermatologic and cosmetic surgery patients. BDD is currently underrecognized in cosmetic medical settings and is thought to be underdiagnosed by behavioral health professionals. The significant comorbidities associated with this disorder, as well as potential harm done to both patient and physician, raise ethical and medicolegal concerns regarding its treatment. Although cosmetic interventions have historically been discouraged in BDD, recent studies have provided controversial evidence of benefit in certain cohorts. The rise of "snapchat dysmorphia" and the proposed explanatory phenomenon of perception drift have generated further debate around the de novo development or unmasking of BDD. We critically review and summarize existing debates around the treatment of BDD in cosmetic medicine. We provide guidance for screening, clinical interviewing, and the provision of psychoeducation in cases of suspected BDD.
躯体变形障碍（BDD）是一种严重且使人虚弱的精神疾病，在皮肤科和美容外科患者中比例过高。BDD 在美容医疗环境中目前未被充分认识，行为健康专业人员认为其诊断不足。该疾病与严重的共病有关，并且可能对患者和医生都造成潜在的伤害，这引发了关于其治疗的伦理和医学法律问题。尽管美容干预在 BDD 中历来不被鼓励，但最近的研究提供了某些人群中获益的有争议的证据。“snapchat 畸形”的兴起以及感知漂移的拟议解释现象，引发了围绕 BDD 的新发病或显现的进一步争论。我们批判性地回顾和总结了美容医学中 BDD 治疗的现有争论。我们为疑似 BDD 病例的筛查、临床访谈和心理教育提供了指导。
