Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada.
Research Center On Animal Cognition (CRCA), Center for Integrative Biology (CBI), CNRS, University Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 21;12(1):2899. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-06859-4.
Many ants establish foraging routes through learning views of the visual panorama. Route models have focused primarily on attractive view use, which experienced foragers orient towards to return to known sites. However, aversive views have recently been uncovered as a key component of route learning. Here, Cataglyphis velox rapidly learned aversive views, when associated with a negative outcome, a period of captivity in vegetation, triggering increases in hesitation behavior. These memories were based on the accumulation of experiences over multiple trips with each new experience regulating forager hesitancy. Foragers were also sensitive to captivity time differences, suggesting they possess some mechanism to quantify duration. Finally, we analyzed foragers' perception of risky (i.e. variable) versus stable aversive outcomes by associating two sites along the route with distinct captivity schedules, a fixed or variable duration, with the same mean across training. Foragers exhibited fewer hesitations in response to risky outcomes compared to fixed ones, indicating they perceived risky outcomes as less severe. Results align with a logarithmic relationship between captivity duration and hesitations, suggesting that aversive stimulus perception is a logarithm of its actual value. We discuss how aversive view learning could be executed within the mushroom bodies circuitry following a prediction error rule.
许多蚂蚁通过学习视觉全景图来建立觅食路线。路线模型主要集中在有吸引力的视图使用上，有经验的觅食者会朝向这些视图返回已知的地点。然而，最近发现厌恶视图是路线学习的一个关键组成部分。在这里，Cataglyphis velox 当与负面结果（即被囚禁在植被中）相关联时，会迅速学习厌恶视图，从而导致犹豫行为增加。这些记忆是基于多次旅行的经验积累，每次新的经验都会调节觅食者的犹豫。觅食者对囚禁时间的差异也很敏感，这表明它们具有某种量化持续时间的机制。最后，我们通过将路线上的两个地点与不同的囚禁时间表（固定或可变持续时间）相关联，分析了觅食者对风险（即可变）和稳定厌恶结果的感知，在整个训练过程中，两个地点的平均值是相同的。与固定的相比，觅食者对风险结果的反应较少犹豫，这表明它们认为风险结果不那么严重。结果与囚禁持续时间和犹豫之间的对数关系一致，这表明厌恶刺激的感知是其实际值的对数。我们讨论了厌恶视图学习如何在蘑菇体电路中根据预测误差规则执行。
