University Hospital Monklands, Otolaryngology, Airdrie, Scotland, UK.
Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Otolaryngology, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Oct;279(10):4839-4845. doi: 10.1007/s00405-022-07305-x. Epub 2022 Feb 22.
Magnification with accurate optic reproduction of the surgical field is essential in otology surgery, but current technologies are subject to specific disadvantages. This study aims to evaluate a novel 3D digital stereo viewer, the Deep Reality Viewer (DRV), in otology surgery, in comparison to both a 2D monitor and the gold standard of microscopy.
In this prospective clinical research study, ENT consultants and trainees evaluated visual and practical applications of the DRV. In visual assessment, participants (n = 11) viewed pre-recorded in vivo mastoid exploration displayed on a 2D monitor and the DRV screen. In practical assessment, participants (n = 9) performed otology surgical tasks on a cadaveric human head using both the microscope and DRV. Face, task-specific (TSV) and global content (GCV) outcomes were assessed using 5-point Likert scale questionnaires. Construct validity was assessed separately.
The DRV achieved the pre-determined validation threshold of 4 for all validation parameters in both visual and practical assessment. The DRV significantly outperformed the 2D monitor in fourteen of 16 parameters. In comparison to microscopy, there was no significant difference in 13 of 16 parameters, with the DRV significantly outperforming in the remaining 3: defining anatomy (GCV), assessing middle ear anatomy (TSV) and overall TSV. Construct validity was not demonstrated for either technology.
The DRV achieved the validation threshold for all parameters, and outperformed the 2D monitor and microscopy in several parameters. This validates the DRV for performing otological procedures, and suggests that it would be a useful alternative to the gold standard of microscopy in otology surgery.
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在耳科学手术中，放大倍率和手术视野的精确光学再现至关重要，但目前的技术存在特定的缺点。本研究旨在评估一种新型的 3D 数字立体观察器——深景观察器（DRV）在耳科学手术中的应用，将其与 2D 显示器和显微镜的金标准进行比较。
在这项前瞻性临床研究中，耳鼻喉科顾问和受训者评估了 DRV 在视觉和实际应用方面的效果。在视觉评估中，参与者（n=11）观看了在 2D 显示器和 DRV 屏幕上显示的预录制的活体乳突探查。在实际评估中，参与者（n=9）使用显微镜和 DRV 在尸体人头模型上进行了耳科学手术任务。使用 5 分制 Likert 量表问卷评估了面部、特定任务（TSV）和总体内容（GCV）的结果。分别评估了构念效度。
DRV 在视觉和实际评估的所有验证参数中均达到了 4 的预定验证阈值。DRV 在 16 个参数中的 14 个参数上显著优于 2D 显示器。与显微镜相比，16 个参数中有 13 个参数没有显著差异，而在其余 3 个参数中，DRV 的表现明显更好：定义解剖结构（GCV）、评估中耳解剖结构（TSV）和总体 TSV。两种技术的构念效度均未得到证实。
DRV 在所有参数上均达到了验证阈值，在多个参数上优于 2D 显示器和显微镜。这验证了 DRV 可用于执行耳科手术，并表明它可能成为耳科学手术中显微镜金标准的有用替代方案。
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