Almeida Ana C, Brízido Margarida, Teixeira Susana, Coelho Constança, Borrego Luís Miguel, Correia Miguel
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2022 Jul-Aug;59(4):254-260. doi: 10.3928/01913913-20220104-01. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in two Portuguese neonatal units with a sub-analysis of infants with a gestational age (GA) of 28 weeks or older.
This was a retrospective case series of all infants who underwent ROP screening from 2012 to 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Univariate logistic regression was used to examine the risk factors for ROP followed by multivariate regression.
A total of 475 infants were included with a median GA of 30 weeks (range: 23 to 36 weeks) and a median birth weight of 1,229 grams (range: 408 to 2,620 grams). ROP was diagnosed in 113 infants (23.8%) and 29 (6.1%) were treated. In the multivariate analysis, GA and hyperglycemia were significantly associated with severe ROP ( < .001). In the subgroup analysis of infants with a GA of 28 weeks or older, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, late-onset sepsis, and hyperglycemia were linked to severe ROP.
The incidence of ROP in the cohort falls within the range of other high-income countries. Hyperglycemia overpowered all of the other risk factors. Although rare, more mature infants are also at risk for severe ROP. Infants with older GA share the same group of risk factors, but bronchopulmonary dysplasia seems to play a greater role. .
评估葡萄牙两个新生儿病房早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的发病率及危险因素，并对胎龄（GA）28周及以上的婴儿进行亚分析。
这是一项对2012年至2020年期间所有接受ROP筛查的婴儿的回顾性病例系列研究。收集了人口统计学、临床和实验室数据。采用单因素逻辑回归分析ROP的危险因素，随后进行多因素回归分析。
共纳入475例婴儿，中位GA为30周（范围：23至36周），中位出生体重为1229克（范围：408至2620克）。113例婴儿（23.8%）被诊断为ROP，29例（6.1%）接受了治疗。在多因素分析中，GA和高血糖与严重ROP显著相关（P<0.001）。在GA为28周及以上婴儿的亚组分析中，支气管肺发育不良、晚发性败血症和高血糖与严重ROP有关。
该队列中ROP的发病率处于其他高收入国家的范围内。高血糖超过了所有其他危险因素。尽管罕见，但胎龄较大的婴儿也有发生严重ROP的风险。GA较大的婴儿有相同的危险因素组，但支气管肺发育不良似乎起更大作用。
