Tsatsos Michael, Athanasiadis Ioannis, Myrou Athina, M Saleh George, Ziakas Nikolaos
Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust at Bedford Eye Clinic, Bedford, UK.
J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2022 Jan 21;17(1):123-129. doi: 10.18502/jovr.v17i1.10177. eCollection 2022 Jan-Mar.
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus is a frequent, painful, and debilitating condition caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus alongside the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. Twenty-five percent of adults will develop the disease during their lifetime with the risk increasing to one in two over the age of 50. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus presents with a plethora of ocular manifestations ranging from the characteristic rash in the distribution of the ophthalmic branch of the fifth cranial nerve to more severe keratouveitis, disciform keratitis, and even retinal necrosis. Up to 20% of affected patients develop post-herpetic neuralgia which can persist for years after the acute episode, resulting in potentially devastating consequences for the patient's social, financial, and professional circumstances, as well as their quality of life and daily activities. Shingles prevention studies indicated that the herpes zoster vaccine markedly reduces the burden of the disease, as well as the incidence of both infection and post-herpetic neuralgia. Here we review the vaccinations available for herpes zoster, the reasons behind their limited adoption so far, as well as the future perspectives and challenges associated with this debilitating disease in the era of herpes zoster vaccination and coronavirus disease pandemic.
眼部带状疱疹是一种常见、疼痛且使人虚弱的疾病，由水痘-带状疱疹病毒沿三叉神经眼支重新激活引起。25%的成年人在其一生中会患上这种疾病，50岁以上人群的患病风险会增加到二分之一。眼部带状疱疹有大量眼部表现，从第五颅神经眼支分布区域的特征性皮疹到更严重的角膜葡萄膜炎、盘状角膜炎，甚至视网膜坏死。高达20%的受影响患者会发生带状疱疹后神经痛，这种疼痛在急性发作后可能会持续数年，给患者的社会、经济和职业状况以及生活质量和日常活动带来潜在的毁灭性后果。带状疱疹预防研究表明，带状疱疹疫苗显著减轻了疾病负担以及感染和带状疱疹后神经痛的发病率。在此，我们回顾了可用于带状疱疹的疫苗、迄今为止其采用率有限的原因，以及在带状疱疹疫苗接种和冠状病毒病大流行时代与这种使人虚弱的疾病相关的未来前景和挑战。
