Stea Tonje Holte, Solaas Susanne Aune, Kleppang Annette Løvheim
Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Postbox 422 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.
Department of Child and Adolescence Mental Health, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Feb 23;22(1):384. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12769-x.
Identification of modifiable factors associated with poor mental health is crucial to develop targeted and effective intervention strategies for prevention of mental distress and illness in the general population. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between low level of leisure-time physical activity, high sedentary time, low participation in organized activities, low social support, sleep problems, and mental distress in a large sample of Norwegian adults.
A cross-sectional study was completed by 28,047 adults (≥18 years old) in southern Norway by filling out an online self-report questionnaire. Multivariable binary logistic regression models, stratified according to gender and adjusted for age and perceived financial situation, were used to examine possible associations between unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, participation in organized activities, social support, and mental distress.
Our results showed an increased odds of having mental distress among men reporting low leisure-time physical activity (OR: 1.18; 95%CI: 1.03-1.37), high sedentary time (1.32; 1.16-1.51), low involvement in organized activities (1.43; 1.25-1.64), low social support (2.55; 2.18-2.99), and sleep problems (7.29; 6.35-8.37) compared to the rest of the male population. For women, the results showed increased odds of mental distress among those reporting high sedentary time (1.25; 1.11-1.39), low involvement in organized activities (1.60; 1.42-1.80), low social support (2.71; 2.39-3.06), and sleep problems (5.78; 5.15-6.50) compared to the rest of the female population. For both men and women, results also indicated that mental distress was increased among younger adults and among those reporting financial difficulties compared to the rest of the population.
Our results showed an association between unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, low participation in organized activities, low social support and mental distress, and that the strength of the association varied substantially. These findings provide increased knowledge about the relationship between modifiable lifestyle factors and mental health which should have implications for future public health efforts.
识别与心理健康不佳相关的可改变因素对于制定有针对性且有效的干预策略以预防普通人群的心理困扰和疾病至关重要。因此，本研究的目的是在大量挪威成年人样本中，考察休闲时间身体活动水平低、久坐时间长、参加有组织活动的参与度低、社会支持低、睡眠问题与心理困扰之间的关联。
挪威南部的28,047名成年人（≥18岁）通过填写在线自我报告问卷完成了一项横断面研究。使用多变量二元逻辑回归模型，按性别分层并对年龄和感知财务状况进行调整，以考察不健康生活方式行为、参加有组织活动、社会支持与心理困扰之间的可能关联。
我们的结果显示，与其他男性相比，报告休闲时间身体活动水平低（比值比：1.18；95%置信区间：1.03 - 1.37）、久坐时间长（1.32；1.16 - 1.51）、参加有组织活动的参与度低（1.43；1.25 - 1.64）、社会支持低（2.55；2.18 - 2.99）以及睡眠问题（7.29；6.35 - 8.37）的男性出现心理困扰的几率增加。对于女性，结果显示，与其他女性相比，报告久坐时间长（1.25；1.11 - 1.39）、参加有组织活动的参与度低（1.60；1.42 - 1.80）、社会支持低（2.71；2.39 - 3.06）以及睡眠问题（5.78；5.15 - 6.50）的女性出现心理困扰的几率增加。对于男性和女性，结果还表明，与其他人群相比，年轻人以及报告有财务困难的人出现心理困扰的几率增加。
我们的结果显示了不健康生活方式行为、参加有组织活动的参与度低、社会支持低与心理困扰之间的关联，且这种关联的强度差异很大。这些发现增加了对可改变生活方式因素与心理健康之间关系的认识，这应该对未来的公共卫生工作产生影响。
