Health Policy Department, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, UK.
Centre for Research in Health and Economics (CRES-UPF) Mercè Rodoreda Building, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 29;18(9):4771. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094771.
Physical activity is associated with mental health benefits. This systematic literature review summarises extant evidence regarding this association, and explores differences observed between populations over sixty-five years and those younger than sixty-five.
We reviewed articles and grey literature reporting at least one measure of physical activity and at least one mental disorder, in people of all ages.
From the 2263 abstracts screened, we extracted twenty-seven articles and synthesized the evidence regarding the association between physical (in)activity and one or more mental health outcome measures. We confirmed that physical activity is beneficial for mental health. However, the evidence was mostly based on self-reported physical activity and mental health measures. Only one study compared younger and elder populations, finding that increasing the level of physical activity improved mental health for middle aged and elder women (no association was observed for younger women). Studies including only the elderly found a restricted mental health improvement due to physical activity.
We found inverse associations between levels of physical activity and mental health problems. However, more evidence regarding the effect of ageing when measuring associations between physical activity and mental health is needed. By doing so, prescription of physical activity could be more accurately targeted.
身体活动与心理健康益处相关。本系统文献综述总结了现有关于这种关联的证据，并探讨了 65 岁以上人群和 65 岁以下人群之间观察到的差异。
我们回顾了报告了至少一项身体活动测量指标和至少一项精神障碍测量指标的所有年龄段人群的文章和灰色文献。
从 2263 篇摘要中筛选出 27 篇文章，综合了身体（不）活动与一项或多项心理健康结果测量指标之间关联的证据。我们确认身体活动对心理健康有益。然而，证据主要基于自我报告的身体活动和心理健康测量指标。只有一项研究比较了年轻和老年人群，发现增加身体活动水平可以改善中年和老年女性的心理健康（年轻女性则没有观察到关联）。仅包括老年人的研究发现，由于身体活动，精神健康改善受到限制。
我们发现身体活动水平与心理健康问题之间存在负相关。然而，需要更多关于在测量身体活动与心理健康之间关联时，年龄对关联影响的证据。这样，身体活动的处方可以更准确地针对目标。
