Scarcello Luigi, Giordano Andrea, Mastroianni Carlo, Spezzano Giandomenico
ICAR-CNR, Rende (CS), Italy.
Heliyon. 2022 Feb 8;8(2):e08902. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08902. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Recently, the increasing availability of renewable energy plants has changed the market of electrical energy. The concept of energy community enables prosumers to exploit and exchange the energy produced locally and reduce the need for external energy sources. This can help to obtain significant cost savings and increase the percentage of green energy. In this paper, we present the Cascade model, which aims to achieve a twofold goal: compute an energy schedule that satisfies the needs of single prosumers, and maximize the energy sharing at the community level, thus minimizing the overall cost. The Cascade model partitions the prosumers in groups: at each step, an optimization problem is solved for all the users of a group. The solution enables defining a super-user that summarizes the energy requirements of the groups considered before. Then, a new group is considered in the next step, and so on, until all the groups have been processed. This approach enables preventing the exponential increase in computing complexity that is inevitable when all the prosumers are considered together, using the model referred to as Unified. Experimental results show that the Cascade model leads to a great reduction of computing time, while the overall cost closely approximates the optimal solution ensured by the Unified model.
近年来，可再生能源发电厂数量的不断增加改变了电能市场。能源社区的概念使产消者能够利用和交换本地生产的能源，并减少对外部能源的需求。这有助于大幅节省成本并提高绿色能源的占比。在本文中，我们提出了级联模型，其旨在实现双重目标：计算满足单个产消者需求的能源调度计划，并在社区层面最大化能源共享，从而将总成本降至最低。级联模型将产消者划分为不同的组：在每一步，针对一个组的所有用户求解一个优化问题。该解决方案能够定义一个超级用户，该超级用户总结了之前所考虑组的能源需求。然后，在下一步考虑一个新的组，依此类推，直到所有组都被处理完毕。这种方法能够避免在使用统一模型将所有产消者一起考虑时不可避免的计算复杂度呈指数增长的情况。实验结果表明，级联模型使计算时间大幅减少，而总成本与统一模型确保的最优解非常接近。
