Department of Forensic Medicine, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Budhiganga-2 Tanki, Morang, Nepal.
Department of Anatomy, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Budhiganga- 2 Tanki, Morang, Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2021 Dec 11;59(244):1267-1271. doi: 10.31729/jnma.7131.
Acute pesticide poisoning is a significant global public health issue that contributes to one of the leading causes of emergency department visits. There is no national data on the incidence of acute pesticide poisoning or the pesticides that cause deaths. The purpose of this study is to find the prevalence of pesticide poisoning among patients who presented to the emergency department with acute poisoning.
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study undertaken in a tertiary care hospital from April to September 2021 among patients who presented to the emergency department with acute poisoning. Ethical clearance was obtained from (reference number: 123/2077-78). Convenient sampling was done. Sociodemographic factors, types of poison consumed, route of consumption, reason, motive, and place of poison intake, time elapse in the presentation to the hospital were studied along with psychological factors associated with poisoning. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. Point estimate at 90% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Out of 85 cases studied, the prevalence of pesticide poisoning was 60 (70.58%) (61.28-79.88 at 90% Confidence Interval). Insecticides 41 (68.33%) was mainly responsible for poisoning with organophosphate compounds 33 (42.30%), being the commonest chemical constituent. Fifty-three (88.33 %) incidents occurred at home. Domestic disputes 26 (43.33%) were the main reason behind poison consumption and suicide 43 (71.66%) was the main motive.
The prevalence of pesticide poisoning among all cases of poisoning presenting to the emergency department was slightly higher than studies done earlier in similar settings.
急性农药中毒是一个严重的全球公共卫生问题，也是导致急诊科就诊的主要原因之一。目前尚无关于急性农药中毒发生率或导致死亡的农药种类的全国数据。本研究旨在调查因急性中毒而到急诊科就诊的患者中农药中毒的患病率。
这是一项描述性的横断面研究，于 2021 年 4 月至 9 月在一家三级护理医院进行，纳入了因急性中毒而到急诊科就诊的患者。研究获得了（参考号：123/2077-78）的伦理批准。采用便利抽样法。研究了社会人口统计学因素、消耗的毒物类型、消耗途径、原因、动机和毒物摄入地点、到医院就诊的时间延迟以及与中毒相关的心理因素。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）版本 23 进行统计分析。计算了 90%置信区间的点估计值，以及二项数据的频率和比例。
在所研究的 85 例病例中，农药中毒的患病率为 60 例（70.58%）（90%置信区间为 61.28-79.88）。杀虫剂 41 例（68.33%）是主要的中毒原因，其中有机磷化合物 33 例（42.30%）最为常见。53 例（88.33%）事件发生在家庭中。家庭纠纷 26 例（43.33%）是导致中毒的主要原因，自杀 43 例（71.66%）是主要动机。
在因中毒而到急诊科就诊的所有病例中，农药中毒的患病率略高于早期在类似环境中进行的研究。
