Fishbein D B, Belotto A J, Pacer R E, Smith J S, Winkler W G, Jenkins S R, Porter K M
J Wildl Dis. 1986 Apr;22(2):151-5. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-22.2.151.
A review of surveillance data on animal rabies from the Centers for Disease Control revealed 104 cases of rabies in rodents and lagomorphs for 1971 through 1984 in the United States; 80% of these were reported between 1980 and 1984. Woodchucks (Marmota monax) accounted for 64% of the cases. Most of the cases of rabies in woodchucks were associated with an epizootic of rabies in raccoons (Procyon lotor) in the mid-Atlantic states. In rabies endemic areas, humans exposed to woodchucks should receive rabies postexposure prophylaxis if the animal is not available for testing. The decision to administer postexposure prophylaxis to humans exposed to other rodents and lagomorphs should take into consideration the epidemiology of rabies in the exposing species.
疾病控制中心对动物狂犬病监测数据的回顾显示，1971年至1984年期间美国啮齿动物和兔形目动物中有104例狂犬病病例；其中80%是在1980年至1984年期间报告的。土拨鼠（Marmota monax）占病例的64%。土拨鼠狂犬病的大多数病例与大西洋中部各州浣熊（Procyon lotor）的狂犬病流行有关。在狂犬病流行地区，如果无法对动物进行检测，接触土拨鼠的人应接受狂犬病暴露后预防。对于接触其他啮齿动物和兔形目动物的人，决定是否给予暴露后预防应考虑暴露物种的狂犬病流行病学情况。
