Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan.
Curr Oncol. 2022 Jan 26;29(2):534-543. doi: 10.3390/curroncol29020048.
This review provides information regarding the preoperative examinations, indications for endoscopic resection (ER), and curability assessment in subjects with superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Narrow-band imaging (NBI) is a more sensitive modality for detecting esophageal cancer than conventional observation, and esophageal observation using NBI is thus recommended for the detection of superficial esophageal cancer. It is also important to adjust the volume of air in the esophagus during observation. Workup by non-magnifying followed by magnifying endoscopy is a common process for diagnosing the invasion depth of superficial esophageal SCCs in Japan. Endoscopic ultrasonography carries a risk of overdiagnosis, and its routine use is therefore not recommended. The Japanese endoscopic submucosal dissection/endoscopic mucosal resection guidelines for esophageal cancer considered the indications for ER based on the results of studies focusing on clinical MM/SM1 cancers, and concluded that clinical MM/SM1 carcinomas, except circumferential carcinoma, were an indication for ER. The curative effect of ER should be assessed based on histologic examination of the resected specimens. ER should be conducted based on a thorough understanding of the preoperative diagnosis, indication, curability, and additional treatment of esophageal SCC.
这篇综述提供了有关浅表性食管鳞状细胞癌（SCC）患者术前检查、内镜下切除（ER）适应证和可治愈性评估的信息。窄带成像（NBI）在检测食管癌方面比常规观察更敏感，因此推荐使用 NBI 进行食管观察以检测浅表性食管癌。在观察过程中调整食管内空气量也很重要。非放大后放大内镜检查是日本诊断浅表性食管 SCC 浸润深度的常见过程。超声内镜有过度诊断的风险，因此不建议常规使用。日本内镜黏膜下剥离/切除术治疗食管癌指南根据关注临床 MM/SM1 癌症的研究结果考虑了 ER 的适应证，并得出结论，除环周癌外，临床 MM/SM1 癌是 ER 的适应证。ER 的疗效应根据切除标本的组织学检查来评估。应在充分了解术前诊断、适应证、可治愈性和食管 SCC 的其他治疗方法的基础上进行 ER。
