Radiation Therapy Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Skull Base Research Center, Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran.
Curr Oncol. 2022 Feb 4;29(2):881-891. doi: 10.3390/curroncol29020075.
Dendritic cell vaccination (DCV) strategies, thanks to a complex immune response, may flare tumor regression and improve patients' long-term survival. This meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy of DCV for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients in clinical trials.
The study databases, including PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane, were searched by two blinded investigators considering eligible studies based on the following keywords: "glioblastoma multiforme", "dendritic cell", "vaccination", "immunotherapy", "immune system", "immune response", "chemotherapy", "recurrence", and "temozolomide". Among the 157 screened, only 15 articles were eligible for the final analysis.
Regimens including DCV showed no effect on 6-month progression-free survival (PFS, HR = 1.385, 95% CI: 0.822-2.335, = 0.673) or on 6-month overall survival (OS, HR = 1.408, 95% CI: 0.882-2.248, = 0.754). In contrast, DCV led to significantly longer 1-year OS (HR = 1.936, 95% CI: 1.396-2.85, = 0.001) and longer 2-year OS (HR = 3.670, 95% CI: 2.291-5.879, = 0.001) versus control groups. Hence, introducing DCV could lead to increased 1 and 2-year survival of patients by 1.9 and 3.6 times, respectively.
Antitumor regimens including DCV can effectively improve mid-term survival in patients suffering glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), but its impact emerges only after one year from vaccination. These data indicate the need for more time to achieve an anti-GBM immune response and suggest additional therapeutics, such as checkpoint inhibitors, to empower an earlier DCV action in patients affected by a very poor prognosis.
树突状细胞疫苗（DCV）策略通过复杂的免疫反应，可能会引发肿瘤消退并改善患者的长期生存。本荟萃分析旨在评估 DCV 对临床试验中新诊断的胶质母细胞瘤患者的疗效。
研究人员通过两名盲法调查员对包括 PubMed、Web of Knowledge、Google Scholar、Scopus 和 Cochrane 在内的数据库进行了搜索，根据以下关键词考虑符合条件的研究：“多形性胶质母细胞瘤”、“树突状细胞”、“疫苗接种”、“免疫疗法”、“免疫系统”、“免疫反应”、“化疗”、“复发”和“替莫唑胺”。在筛选出的 157 篇文章中，仅有 15 篇符合最终分析标准。
包含 DCV 的方案并未显示出对 6 个月无进展生存期（PFS，HR = 1.385，95%CI：0.822-2.335， = 0.673）或 6 个月总生存期（OS，HR = 1.408，95%CI：0.882-2.248， = 0.754）的影响。相比之下，DCV 显著延长了 1 年 OS（HR = 1.936，95%CI：1.396-2.85， = 0.001）和 2 年 OS（HR = 3.670，95%CI：2.291-5.879， = 0.001）。因此，与对照组相比，引入 DCV 可分别将患者的 1 年和 2 年生存率提高 1.9 倍和 3.6 倍。
包含 DCV 的抗肿瘤方案可有效提高胶质母细胞瘤患者的中期生存率，但这种影响仅在接种疫苗后一年才显现出来。这些数据表明需要更多的时间来产生针对 GBM 的免疫反应，并建议使用其他治疗方法，如检查点抑制剂，以使 DCV 在预后极差的患者中更早发挥作用。
