Gurnani Bharat, Kaur Kirandeep
Gomabai Netralaya and Research Centre
The iris is a light-transmitting diaphragm that controls the amount of light entering the pupil inside the eye. Iris is also responsible for maintaining the size and diameter of the pupil. It also helps achieve a good quality of vision by reducing the aberrations from the lens and cornea by decreasing the amount of light entering the pupil, preventing excessive glare, and enhancing the depth of focus. Traumatic injuries to the iris may result in glare, photophobia, reduced cosmesis, and contrast sensitivity. In 1917, Key first addressed his efforts over iris reconstruction by repairing an iridodialysis. He sutured the iris to the adjacent sclera. Emmerich initially put forward the concept of iris to iris repair in 1957. Due to a lack of infrastructures like microscopes and instruments, these techniques took time to gain a wider acceptance. Traumatic iris damage can be sphincter tear, iris chaffing, tear at the root of the iris, iridodialysis, iris transillumination defects, and aniridia. Various non-surgical and surgical approaches have been proposed to manage iris reconstruction, which is discussed further in this activity.
虹膜是一个透光的隔膜，它控制进入眼内瞳孔的光量。虹膜还负责维持瞳孔的大小和直径。它还通过减少进入瞳孔的光量、防止过多眩光并增强焦深，来减少晶状体和角膜的像差，从而有助于获得良好的视觉质量。虹膜的创伤性损伤可能导致眩光、畏光、美容效果降低和对比敏感度下降。1917年，凯首次通过修复虹膜根部断离来致力于虹膜重建。他将虹膜缝合到相邻的巩膜上。1957年，埃默里希最初提出了虹膜对虹膜修复的概念。由于缺乏显微镜和器械等基础设施，这些技术需要时间才能得到更广泛的接受。创伤性虹膜损伤可以是瞳孔括约肌撕裂、虹膜擦伤、虹膜根部撕裂、虹膜根部断离、虹膜透照缺损和无虹膜。已经提出了各种非手术和手术方法来处理虹膜重建，本活动将进一步讨论这一点。
