Mohamed Noor Siti Hawa, Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan, Khongnakorn Watsa, Sinsamphanh Oulavanh, Abdullah Huda, Puteh Mohd Hafiz, Kurniawan Tonni Agustiono, Zakria Hazirah Syahirah, El-Badawy Tijjani, Ismail Ahmad Fauzi, Rahman Mukhlis A, Jaafar Juhana
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Feb 10;12(2):208. doi: 10.3390/membranes12020208.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is amongst the endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) that cause illness to humans and in this work was removed using copper (I) oxide (CuO) visible light photocatalyst which has a narrow bandgap of 2.2 eV. This was done by embedding CuO into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes to generate a CuO/PVDF dual layer hollow fiber (DLHF) membrane using a co-extrusion technique. The initial ratio of 0.25 CuO/PVDF was used to study variation of the outer dope extrusion flowrate for 3 mL/min, 6 mL/min and 9 mL/min. Subsequently, the best flowrate was used to vary CuO/PVDF for 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 with fixed outer dope extrusion flowrate. Under visible light irradiation, 10 mg/L of BPA was used to assess the membranes performance. The results show that the outer and inner layers of the membrane have finger-like structures, whereas the intermediate section of the membrane has a sponge-like structure. With high porosity up to 63.13%, the membrane is hydrophilic and exhibited high flux up to 13,891 L/mh. The optimum photocatalytic membrane configuration is 0.50 CuO/PVDF DLHF membrane with 6 mL/min outer dope flowrate, which was able to remove 75% of 10 ppm BPA under visible light irradiation without copper leaching into the water sample.
双酚A（BPA）是导致人类患病的内分泌干扰化合物（EDC）之一，在本研究中，使用带隙窄至2.2 eV的氧化铜（CuO）可见光光催化剂将其去除。通过将CuO嵌入聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）膜中，采用共挤出技术制备了CuO/PVDF双层中空纤维（DLHF）膜。初始CuO/PVDF比例为0.25，用于研究外料挤出流速在3 mL/min、6 mL/min和9 mL/min时的变化。随后，在固定外料挤出流速的情况下，使用最佳流速来改变CuO/PVDF比例，分别为0.25、0.50和0.75。在可见光照射下，用10 mg/L的BPA评估膜的性能。结果表明，膜的外层和内层具有指状结构，而膜的中间部分具有海绵状结构。该膜具有高达63.13%的高孔隙率，具有亲水性，通量高达13891 L/mh。最佳光催化膜结构为0.50 CuO/PVDF DLHF膜，外料流速为6 mL/min，在可见光照射下能够去除10 ppm BPA的75%，且无铜溶出到水样中。
