Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
Women's Health & Maternal-Newborn Nursing Program, School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Feb 6;58(2):243. doi: 10.3390/medicina58020243.
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a serious urination-related symptom of unknown pathogenesis that affects one's everyday activities. The objective of this study was to examine how OAB prevalence, symptom severity, and degree of distress caused by OAB symptoms evolved throughout the course of pregnancy. A total of 659 pregnant women were recruited from 2015 to 2020, and were evaluated through the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) on OAB symptoms, administered in the early, middle, and late stages of pregnancy. Generalized estimating equation analysis revealed that the odds of OAB occurring in the middle and late stages of pregnancy were 1.90 and 2.33 times higher, respectively, than in early pregnancy. The corresponding odds for OAB-wet were 1.63 and 2.07 higher, respectively, and the odds of OAB-dry occurring during late pregnancy were 0.80 higher than during early pregnancy. Symptoms were more severe by 0.07 and 0.21 points (on a 4-point scale) in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, respectively, than in early pregnancy; distress was greater by 0.13 and 0.27 points (on a 10-point scale) in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, respectively, than in early pregnancy. The prevalence of OAB, OAB-dry, and OAB-wet was significantly higher in early pregnancy than pre-pregnancy. The prevalence of OAB and OAB-wet increased over the course of pregnancy, but the prevalence of OAB-dry decreased. Furthermore, symptom severity and degree of distress increased over time.
膀胱过度活动症（OAB）是一种严重的与排尿相关的症状，其发病机制尚不清楚，会影响患者的日常活动。本研究旨在探讨 OAB 的患病率、症状严重程度以及 OAB 症状引起的困扰程度在整个妊娠过程中的变化情况。
2015 年至 2020 年期间，共招募了 659 名孕妇，通过国际尿失禁咨询问卷-膀胱过度活动症（ICIQ-OAB）评估 OAB 症状，该问卷在妊娠早期、中期和晚期进行评估。广义估计方程分析显示，妊娠中期和晚期 OAB 的发生几率分别是妊娠早期的 1.90 倍和 2.33 倍。相应的 OAB-湿的发生几率分别是妊娠早期的 1.63 倍和 2.07 倍，而妊娠晚期 OAB-干的发生几率则比妊娠早期高 0.80 倍。与妊娠早期相比，妊娠中期和晚期的症状严重程度分别增加了 0.07 分和 0.21 分（4 分制）；妊娠中期和晚期的困扰程度分别增加了 0.13 分和 0.27 分（10 分制）。与妊娠前相比，妊娠早期 OAB、OAB-干和 OAB-湿的患病率显著更高。OAB 和 OAB-湿的患病率随着妊娠的进展而增加，但 OAB-干的患病率则下降。此外，症状严重程度和困扰程度随时间增加而增加。
