Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA.
J Feline Med Surg. 2022 Mar;24(3):212-220. doi: 10.1177/1098612X221079707.
Understanding the normal reproductive anatomy and physiology of the male cat is important for successful breeding. Veterinarians may be called in to troubleshoot when fertility and pregnancy rates decrease in a cattery. By understanding the normal physical parameters, as well as breeding behavior, the veterinarian is better equipped to assess the infertility issue. Also, clients are increasingly requesting breeding soundness examinations prior to mating or purchase. Semen collection is more difficult in the cat than in the dog but can still be accomplished in a clinical setting and provides important information when confronted with breeding males.
The aim of this review is to provide a practical overview of the breeding male. The reader will receive information on time of puberty, normal reproductive anatomy (both external and internal), and breeding management practices to optimize fertility. The most up-to-date semen collection techniques are discussed, as are sedation/anesthesia options. Also, historical literature on the basic anatomy of the male reproductive system is reviewed, such as how the penile spines work and when they appear; this information is specific to the cat.
The information in this article is based on the author's experience, as well as drawing on historical and current literature, and provides the most up-to-date review as possible.
了解公猫正常的生殖解剖结构和生理学对于成功繁殖非常重要。当种猫的生育率和妊娠率下降时，兽医可能会被召集来解决问题。通过了解正常的身体参数以及配种行为，兽医能够更好地评估不育问题。此外，客户越来越多地要求在交配或购买前进行繁殖健康检查。与犬相比，猫的精液采集更困难，但仍可以在临床环境中完成，并且在面对种用公猫时提供重要信息。
本综述的目的是对公猫配种提供实用概述。读者将获得有关青春期时间、正常生殖解剖结构（外部和内部）以及优化生育能力的配种管理实践的信息。讨论了最新的精液采集技术以及镇静/麻醉选择。此外，还回顾了有关雄性生殖系统基本解剖结构的历史文献，例如阴茎棘的工作原理以及何时出现；这些信息是专门针对猫的。
本文中的信息基于作者的经验，以及参考历史和当前文献，并尽可能提供最新的综述。
