Lu Guan-Ling, Lin Ya-Chi, Wu Ping-Ching, Liu Yen-Chin
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
Pharmaceutics. 2022 Feb 6;14(2):366. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020366.
Our previous studies have revealed the ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide in the amine group USPIO-101 has an analgesic effect on inflammatory pain. Here, we further investigated its effect on the spinal cord and brain via electrophysiological and molecular methods. We used a mouse inflammatory pain model, induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), and measured pain thresholds via von Frey methods. We also investigated the effects of USPIO-101 via an extracellular electrophysiological recording at the spinal dorsal horn synapses and hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses, respectively. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Our results showed intrathecal USPIO-101 produces similar analgesic behavior in mice with chronic inflammatory pain via intrathecal or intraplantar administration. The potentiated low-frequency stimulation-induced spinal cord long-term potentiation (LTP) at the spinal cord superficial dorsal horn synapses could decrease via USPIO-101 in mice with chronic inflammatory pain. However, the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-2 was enhanced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in microglial cells, and we also found USPIO-101 at 30 µg/mL could decrease the magnitude of hippocampal LTP. These findings revealed that intrathecal USPIO-101 presented an analgesia effect at the spinal cord level, but had neurotoxicity risk at higher doses.
我们之前的研究表明,胺基超小超顺磁性氧化铁USPIO-101对炎性疼痛具有镇痛作用。在此,我们通过电生理和分子方法进一步研究了其对脊髓和大脑的影响。我们使用完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)诱导的小鼠炎性疼痛模型,并通过von Frey方法测量疼痛阈值。我们还分别通过在脊髓背角突触和海马体Schaffer侧支-CA1突触处进行细胞外电生理记录来研究USPIO-101的作用。通过定量实时聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测促炎细胞因子的mRNA表达。我们的结果表明,鞘内注射USPIO-101通过鞘内或足底内给药在患有慢性炎性疼痛的小鼠中产生类似的镇痛行为。在患有慢性炎性疼痛的小鼠中,USPIO-101可降低脊髓浅表背角突触处增强的低频刺激诱导的脊髓长时程增强(LTP)。然而,在小胶质细胞中,脂多糖(LPS)刺激可增强环氧合酶-2的mRNA表达,并且我们还发现30 µg/mL的USPIO-101可降低海马体LTP的幅度。这些发现表明,鞘内注射USPIO-101在脊髓水平呈现镇痛作用,但在高剂量时存在神经毒性风险。
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