Lacey Elizabeth P, Marshall Matthew M, Bucciarelli Marc, Richter Scott J
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA.
Bioinformatics Department, J Michael Consulting, LLC, 885 Woodstock Rd., Roswell, GA 30075, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Feb 15;11(4):522. doi: 10.3390/plants11040522.
We know little about the underlying genetic control of phenotypic patterns of seed traits across large-scale geographic and environmental gradients. Such knowledge is important for understanding the evolution of populations within species and for improving species conservation. Therefore, to test for genetic variation in , we made reciprocal crosses between northern and southern genotypes that span the species' range in Europe. The results provide evidence of transgenerational genetic effects on seed mass and germination timing. Northern mothers produced larger seeds with delayed germination, in contrast to southern mothers, which produced smaller seeds with accelerated germination. A maternal latitude affected both the seed coat, solely maternal tissue, and embryo/endosperm tissues. Thus, latitudinal variation in seed size and germination timing can be explained, in part, by the direct influence of maternal genotype, independent of zygotic genes that parents pass directly to the embryo and endosperm. Data suggest that researchers exploring the existence and evolution of large-scale geographic variation within species test for transgenerational genetic effects. In addition, data suggest that transgenerational control of seed traits should be considered when developing procedures designed to facilitate species conservation and restoration.
我们对种子性状表型模式在大规模地理和环境梯度下的潜在遗传控制了解甚少。此类知识对于理解物种内种群的进化以及改善物种保护至关重要。因此，为了测试[此处原文缺失相关内容]的遗传变异，我们在跨越欧洲该物种分布范围的北方和南方基因型之间进行了正反交。结果提供了跨代遗传效应影响种子质量和萌发时间的证据。与南方母本相比，北方母本产生的种子更大，萌发延迟，而南方母本产生的种子更小，萌发加速。母本的纬度影响了种皮（仅为母本组织）以及胚/胚乳组织。因此，种子大小和萌发时间的纬度变化部分可由母本基因型的直接影响来解释，这与亲本直接传递给胚和胚乳的合子基因无关。数据表明，研究物种内大规模地理变异的存在和进化的研究人员应测试跨代遗传效应。此外，数据表明，在制定旨在促进物种保护和恢复的程序时，应考虑种子性状的跨代控制。
