Li Zhansheng, Song Lixiao, Liu Yumei, Han Fengqing, Liu Wei
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing 100081, China.
China Vegetable Biotechnology (Shouguang) Co., Ltd., Shouguang 262700, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Feb 21;11(4):561. doi: 10.3390/plants11040561.
To better serve breeding of broccoli, the electrophysiological, morphological and transcriptomic profiling of the isogenic Ogura-CMS, DGMS and their maintainer fertile lines, were carried out by scanning electron microscopy, investigation of agronomic traits and RNA-sequencing analysis. The agronomic traits of plant height, length of the largest leaf, plant spread angle, single head weight, head width and stem diameter showed stronger performance in Ogura-CMS broccoli than in DGMS line or maintainer fertile line. However, the Ogura-CMS broccoli was poorer in the seed yield and seed germination than in the DGMS line and maintainer fertile line. Additionally, the DGMS broccoli had longer maturation and flowering periods than the Ogura-CMS and maintainer fertile lines. There were obvious differences in the honey gland, happening in the male sterility and fertile lines of broccoli. Additionally, the mechanism regulating Ogura-CMS and DGMS in broccoli was investigated using florets transcriptome analyses of the Ogura-CMS, DGMS and maintainer fertile lines. As a result, a total of 2670 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, including 1054 up- and 1616 downregulated genes in the Ogura-CMS and DGMS lines compared to the maintainer fertile line. A number of functionally known genes involved in plant hormones (auxin, salicylic acid and brassinosteroid), five Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes of , , , and , and three upregulated genes (, and ) associated with the photosynthesis-antenna protein pathway, were obviously detected to be highly associated with reproductive development including flowering time, maturity and reproductive period in the Ogura-CMS and DGMS broccoli comparing to their maintainer fertile line. Our research would provide a comprehensive foundation for understanding the differences of electrophysiological, morphological and transcriptomic profiles in the Ogura-CMS, DGMS and maintainer broccoli, and as well as being beneficial to exploring the mechanism of male sterility in crops.
为了更好地服务西兰花育种，通过扫描电子显微镜、农艺性状调查和RNA测序分析，对同基因的ogu型细胞质雄性不育系（Ogura-CMS）、显性雄性不育系（DGMS）及其保持系可育系进行了电生理、形态和转录组分析。株高、最大叶长、植株开展度、单头重、头宽和茎粗等农艺性状在Ogura-CMS西兰花中表现优于DGMS系或保持系可育系。然而，Ogura-CMS西兰花的种子产量和种子发芽率低于DGMS系和保持系可育系。此外，DGMS西兰花的成熟期和开花期比Ogura-CMS和保持系可育系更长。西兰花雄性不育系和可育系的蜜腺存在明显差异。此外，利用Ogura-CMS、DGMS和保持系可育系的小花转录组分析，研究了西兰花中Ogura-CMS和DGMS的调控机制。结果，共检测到2670个差异表达基因（DEG），与保持系可育系相比，Ogura-CMS和DGMS系中有1054个上调基因和1616个下调基因。明显检测到一些与植物激素（生长素、水杨酸和油菜素内酯）相关的功能已知基因、五个线粒体氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）基因（ 、 、 、 和 ）以及三个与光合作用天线蛋白途径相关的上调基因（ 、 和 ），与Ogura-CMS和DGMS西兰花与其保持系可育系相比的生殖发育（包括开花时间、成熟度和生殖期）高度相关。我们的研究将为理解Ogura-CMS、DGMS和保持系西兰花在电生理、形态和转录组方面的差异提供全面的基础，也有助于探索 作物雄性不育的机制。
