Kahn G
Dermatol Clin. 1986 Jan;4(1):107-16.
Photosensitivity disorders of children are uncommon, except for banal overexposure reactions to sunlight. Although the long-term sequelae of chronic or intense sun exposure are not often seen in children, physicians should advise patients of the harmful effects and irreversible skin damage that results from unduly prolonged sun exposure. Damage accumulates over the years to cause premature aging, senile elastosis, actinic keratoses, and squamous- and basal-cell carcinomas. Besides the pigmentary changes, wrinkles, and skin cancers--genuine sources of altered appearance and morbidity--we now know that sunburned children develop a higher incidence of melanoma, which is not a rare cause of death in young adults. In Australia, where the incidence of melanoma is highest, a strong correlation exists for melanoma in children who get sunburn before the age of 10. Also, the incidence of melanoma is 50 times as great in bikini wearers who get sunburn as in girls who wear one-piece bathing suits.
儿童光敏性疾病并不常见，除了对阳光的普通过度暴露反应。虽然儿童中不常出现长期慢性或强烈日晒的后遗症，但医生应告知患者过度长时间日晒会产生有害影响及不可逆的皮肤损伤。多年来累积的损伤会导致皮肤过早老化、老年弹性组织变性、光化性角化病以及鳞状细胞癌和基底细胞癌。除了色素沉着变化、皱纹和皮肤癌这些真正导致外观改变和发病的原因外，我们现在知道晒伤的儿童患黑色素瘤的几率更高，而黑色素瘤在年轻成年人中并非罕见的死亡原因。在黑色素瘤发病率最高的澳大利亚，10岁前晒伤的儿童患黑色素瘤的几率存在很强的相关性。此外，穿比基尼晒伤的人患黑色素瘤的几率是穿连体泳衣女孩的50倍。
