Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Autophagy. 2022 Jul;18(7):1732-1733. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2040315. Epub 2022 Feb 27.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) carries out essential cellular functions ranging from protein trafficking to metabolite signaling. ER function is maintained in part by quality control pathways including ER degradation by selective autophagy (reticulophagy) during conditions of cellular stress. Reticulophagy is known to be important for cellular responses to starvation and protein folding stress, but no natural role during development had been identified. While investigating ER remodeling during the conserved cell differentiation process of meiosis in budding yeast, we unexpectedly observed developmentally regulated reticulophagy that was driven by expression of the autophagy receptor Atg40. This reticulophagy was coordinated with massive morphological rearrangement of the ER, including movement of most cortical ER away from the cell periphery. As meiotic reticulophagy prevents specific ER subpopulations from being inherited by gametes, we propose that it serves a quality control role, preventing deleterious material from being passed on to subsequent generations.
内质网 (ER) 执行着从蛋白质运输到代谢物信号传递等重要的细胞功能。内质网的功能部分是通过质量控制途径来维持的，包括在细胞应激条件下通过选择性自噬（内质网自噬）进行 ER 降解。内质网自噬对于细胞对饥饿和蛋白质折叠应激的反应很重要，但在发育过程中尚未确定其天然作用。在研究芽殖酵母中保守的细胞分化过程减数分裂过程中的内质网重塑时，我们意外地观察到了由自噬受体 Atg40 表达驱动的发育调控的内质网自噬。这种内质网自噬与内质网的大规模形态重排相协调，包括大部分皮质内质网从细胞边缘的移动。由于减数分裂内质网自噬防止特定的 ER 亚群被配子继承，我们提出它具有质量控制作用，防止有害物质传递给后代。
