Nahvijou Azin
Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2021 Oct;50(10):2095-2104. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v50i10.7511.
Cancer with 13% of all deaths is the third leading cause of mortality in Iran. We aimed to assess the burden of cancer in Iran by acquiring data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.
This study was conducted on the DALY approach to examine the cancer burden in Iran from 1990 to 2016. A list of all cancers was extracted using the International Classification of Disease, tenth revision (ICD-10). Then, the cancer burden was assessed based on the type of cancer. The Percentage change (PC) by Daly's number and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) was estimated. The cause of PC on the DALYs number from cancer was analyzed, and the share of every variable was determined.
In 2016, cancer caused 781.5 and 564 thousand DALYs for men and women, respectively. In all years, the DALYs number of cancer is higher in men than women. From 1990 to 2016, leukemia, stomach, tracheal, bronchus and lung (TBL) cancers were among the leading causes of cancer burden in Iran. The highest increase in PC of cancer DALYs from 1990 to 2016 happened by multiple myeloma with 302.4% and breast with 283.7%. The lowest increase occurred by Hodgkin lymphoma (-2.1%) and leukemia (18.2%).
Cancers have grown more than doubled in terms of DALYs from 1990 to 2016. The majority of DALYs were due to Years of Life Lost, suggesting the need for prevention, early detection, and screening programs.
癌症导致的死亡占伊朗所有死亡人数的13%，是伊朗第三大死因。我们旨在通过获取全球疾病负担（GBD）研究的数据来评估伊朗的癌症负担。
本研究采用伤残调整生命年（DALY）方法，以检查1990年至2016年伊朗的癌症负担。使用国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）提取所有癌症清单。然后，根据癌症类型评估癌症负担。估计了DALY数量和年龄标准化DALY率（ASDR）的百分比变化（PC）。分析了癌症DALY数量变化的原因，并确定了每个变量的占比。
2016年，癌症分别导致男性78.15万个和女性56.4万个伤残调整生命年。在所有年份中，男性的癌症伤残调整生命年数均高于女性。1990年至2016年期间，白血病、胃癌、气管、支气管和肺癌是伊朗癌症负担的主要原因。1990年至2016年期间，癌症DALY的PC增幅最大的是多发性骨髓瘤，为302.4%，乳腺癌为283.7%。增幅最小的是霍奇金淋巴瘤（-2.1%）和白血病（18.2%）。
从1990年到2016年，癌症导致的伤残调整生命年增加了一倍多。大多数伤残调整生命年是由于寿命损失年数造成的，这表明需要开展预防、早期检测和筛查项目。
