Paun Maria-Alexandra, Nichita Mihai-Virgil, Paun Vladimir-Alexandru, Paun Viorel-Puiu
Department of Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland.
Division Radio Monitoring and Equipment, Section Market Access and Conformity, Federal Office of Communications OFCOM, Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications DETEC, 2501 Bienne, Canton of Bern, Switzerland.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2022 Feb 14;27(2):66. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2702066.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inveterate phlogistic situation characterized by focal and vaguely diffusive de-myelination and neurodegeneration, in the sphere of central nervous system (CNS). The brain's chronic inflammatory reaction includes astrocyte stimulation and microglial motivation, as well as macrophages marginal conscription. This lasting serious soreness of the brain is connected with neurodegeneration period and disability advance.
The present study is considering two main purposes as follows. Primarily, to apply the fractal analysis in the idea of documenting the fractals dominance at all stages of the nervous system hierarchy, giving faith to the precept of their funciar relevancy. Secondly, to take into account the problems unresolved of the thorough connections between self-organized criticality concept and self-similarity notion. More precisely, in reality we will obtain information about the fractal size and lacunarity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), on the areas of interest of the brain, rich in microglial cells with fringes from peripheral macrophages cells.
This approach will play a decisive role in the action of detecting neural disabilities, such as in particular multiple sclerosis cortical onset, the final goal of our investigation. The diagnosis is based on interpretation of both histological sample pictures and images obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance. Using fractal analysis, we have calculated, for each image separately, both the fractal dimension and the lacunarity, as an objective quantitative measure of the demyelinating action.
For three histopathological samples on glial cells, with visible erosions, the fractal dimension has value over 1.89 and the lacunarity value is between 0.050 and 0.079. In the gray level stages of the studied MRI pictures, the fractal dimension is above the value of 1.7 and the lacunarity is between the values of 0.0286 and 0.0393.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种顽固的炎症状态，其特征是中枢神经系统（CNS）范围内局灶性和模糊的弥漫性脱髓鞘及神经变性。大脑的慢性炎症反应包括星形胶质细胞刺激、小胶质细胞激活以及巨噬细胞边缘募集。这种大脑的持续性严重炎症与神经变性期和残疾进展相关。
本研究主要考虑以下两个目的。首先，应用分形分析来记录神经系统层次结构各阶段的分形优势，相信其功能相关性原则。其次，考虑自组织临界性概念与自相似性概念之间尚未解决的全面联系问题。更确切地说，实际上我们将获取有关大脑感兴趣区域磁共振成像（MRI）的分形大小和孔隙率的信息，这些区域富含带有外周巨噬细胞边缘的小胶质细胞。
这种方法在检测神经残疾的行动中将起决定性作用，例如特别是在多发性硬化症皮质发病方面，这是我们研究的最终目标。诊断基于对组织学样本图片和核磁共振获得的图像的解读。使用分形分析，我们分别为每个图像计算了分形维数和孔隙率，作为脱髓鞘作用的客观定量测量。
对于三个有可见侵蚀的神经胶质细胞组织病理学样本，分形维数的值超过1.89，孔隙率值在0.050至0.079之间。在所研究的MRI图片的灰度阶段，分形维数高于1.7的值，孔隙率在0.0286至0.0393的值之间。
