Han Yongkang, Lei Yike, Ni Jie, Zhang Yingchuan, Geng Zhen, Ming Pingwen, Zhang Cunman, Tian Xiaorui, Shi Ji-Lei, Guo Yu-Guo, Xiao Qiangfeng
School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
Small. 2022 Oct;18(43):e2107048. doi: 10.1002/smll.202107048. Epub 2022 Mar 1.
Single-crystalline cathodes are the most promising candidates for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Compared to their polycrystalline counterparts, single-crystalline cathodes have advantages over liquid-electrolyte-based LIBs in terms of cycle life, structural stability, thermal stability, safety, and storage but also have a potential application in solid-state LIBs. In this review, the development history and recent progress of single-crystalline cathodes are reviewed, focusing on properties, synthesis, challenges, solutions, and characterization. Synthesis of single-crystalline cathodes usually involves preparing precursors and subsequent calcination, which are summarized in the details. In the following sections, the development issues of single-crystalline cathodes, including kinetic limitations, interfacial side reactions, safety issues, reversible planar gliding and micro-cracking, and particle size distribution and agglomeration, are systematically analyzed, followed by current solutions and characterization techniques. Finally, this review is concluded with proposed research thrusts for the future development of single-crystalline cathodes.
单晶阴极是高能量密度锂离子电池（LIBs）最有前景的候选材料。与多晶阴极相比，单晶阴极在循环寿命、结构稳定性、热稳定性、安全性和存储方面比基于液体电解质的锂离子电池具有优势，并且在固态锂离子电池中也有潜在应用。在这篇综述中，回顾了单晶阴极的发展历史和近期进展，重点关注其性能、合成、挑战、解决方案和表征。单晶阴极的合成通常包括前驱体的制备和随后的煅烧，本文对此进行了详细总结。在接下来的部分中，系统分析了单晶阴极的发展问题，包括动力学限制、界面副反应、安全问题、可逆平面滑动和微裂纹，以及粒径分布和团聚，随后介绍了当前的解决方案和表征技术。最后，本综述以对单晶阴极未来发展的研究方向建议作为总结。
