Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
J Microbiol. 2022 Mar;60(3):268-275. doi: 10.1007/s12275-022-2037-8. Epub 2022 Mar 2.
Since the advent of SARS-CoV-2 in Dec. 2019, the global endeavor to identify the pathogenic mechanism of COVID-19 has been ongoing. Although humoral immunity including neutralizing activity play an important role in protection from the viral pathogen, dysregulated antibody responses may be associated with the pathogenic progression of COVID-19, especially in high-risk individuals. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibodies acquired by prior infection or vaccination act as immune pressure, driving continuous population turnover by selecting for antibody-escaping mutations. Here, we review accumulating knowledge on the potential role of humoral immune responses in COVID-19, primarily focusing on their beneficial and pathogenic properties. Understanding the multifaceted regulatory mechanisms of humoral responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection can help us to develop more effective therapeutics, as well as protective measures against the ongoing pandemic.
自 2019 年 12 月 SARS-CoV-2 出现以来，全球一直在努力确定 COVID-19 的发病机制。虽然包括中和活性在内的体液免疫在防止病毒病原体方面发挥着重要作用，但失调的抗体反应可能与 COVID-19 的发病进展有关，尤其是在高危人群中。此外，先前感染或接种疫苗获得的 SARS-CoV-2 刺突特异性抗体充当免疫压力，通过选择逃逸抗体的突变来推动持续的人群更替。在这里，我们回顾了关于体液免疫反应在 COVID-19 中潜在作用的累积知识，主要关注其有益和致病特性。了解 SARS-CoV-2 感染期间体液反应的多方面调节机制有助于我们开发更有效的治疗方法以及针对持续大流行的保护措施。
