Liu G C, Angtuaco T L, Ferris E J, Shah H R, Reifsteck J E, Harshfield D L
Radiology. 1986 Aug;160(2):521-4. doi: 10.1148/radiology.160.2.3523595.
Transvenous inferior vena caval filters were placed in 32 patients (21 bird's nest [BN] and 11 Kimray-Greenfield [K-G] filters). Positive contrast cavography was performed before and immediately after filter placement as well as during long-term follow-up studies. In 23 patients, computed tomographic (CT) scanning was also performed; in 10 patients, real-time ultrasound (US) study was used as an adjunct. CT scans of the BN filter showed one case of hemorrhage and one case of air embolism, both of which were not recognized at cavography. CT scanning of the K-G filter demonstrated two cases of deep penetration of the prongs and one large retroperitoneal hematoma. Real-time US scanning played a major role in checking the final position of the filter and in determining its stability during repositioning of the upper prongs of one BN filter. Noninvasive examinations, including CT and US scanning, are valuable adjuncts in immediate and long-term follow-up study of patients with inferior vena caval filters.
32例患者植入了经静脉下腔静脉滤器（21枚鸟巢[BN]滤器和11枚金雷-格林菲尔德[K-G]滤器）。在滤器植入前、植入后即刻以及长期随访研究期间均进行了阳性对比剂腔静脉造影。23例患者还进行了计算机断层扫描（CT）；10例患者使用实时超声（US）检查作为辅助手段。BN滤器的CT扫描显示1例出血和1例空气栓塞，这两种情况在腔静脉造影时均未被发现。K-G滤器的CT扫描显示2例滤器尖端深度穿透和1例巨大腹膜后血肿。实时超声扫描在检查1枚BN滤器上支重新定位过程中滤器的最终位置及其稳定性方面发挥了主要作用。包括CT和超声扫描在内的非侵入性检查，在对下腔静脉滤器植入患者进行即刻和长期随访研究中是有价值的辅助手段。
