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Drugs Aging. 2022 Mar;39(3):235-243. doi: 10.1007/s40266-022-00924-3. Epub 2022 Mar 3.
The hexanic extract (HE) of Serenoa repens (Permixon) is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The drug is the n-hexane lipidosterolic extract of the American dwarf palm tree (also known as saw palmetto). The anti-inflammatory activity of HE S. repens has been demonstrated in vitro, in vivo and in men with prostatic inflammation. In randomized clinical trials, the efficacy of HE S. repens was similar to that of an α-blocker in terms of improving voiding and storage symptoms, increasing urinary flow rate and reducing prostate volume in men with BPH. HE S. repens was also as effective as 5α-reductase inhibitors and/or α-blockers at improving lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and quality of life (QOL) in real-world observational studies. HE S. repens was generally well tolerated, with a lesser impact on male sexual function compared with other available therapies. Thus, HE S. repens is a useful option for the treatment of symptomatic BPH.
西力士他达拉非片用于治疗勃起功能障碍。它是一种磷酸二酯酶 5（PDE5）抑制剂，通过抑制 PDE5 来增加环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）的水平，从而放松平滑肌并促进血液流入阴茎，导致勃起。
西力士他达拉非片已被证明可有效治疗勃起功能障碍，并可改善勃起的质量和持续时间。它通常在性刺激前 30 分钟至 4 小时内服用，建议每天最多服用一次。
西力士他达拉非片的常见副作用包括头痛、面部潮红、消化不良、背痛和肌肉疼痛。在极少数情况下，它可能会导致严重的副作用，如视力丧失、听力丧失和心脏病发作。因此，在使用西力士他达拉非片之前，应该咨询医生，并遵循医生的建议。
