Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
Stanford University, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2022 Feb 25;55:e0349. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0349-2021. eCollection 2022.
Polymyxin antibiotics are disfavored owing to their potential clinical toxicity, especially nephrotoxicity. However, the dry antibiotic development pipeline, together with the increasing global prevalence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria, have renewed clinical interest in these polypeptide antibiotics. This review highlights the current information regarding the mechanisms of resistance to polymyxins and their molecular epidemiology. Knowledge of the resistance mechanisms and epidemiology of these pathogens is critical for the development of novel antibacterial agents and rapid treatment choices.
多黏菌素类抗生素由于其潜在的临床毒性，尤其是肾毒性，因此不受青睐。然而，由于抗生素研发的困难以及全球范围内耐多药（MDR）革兰氏阴性菌感染的日益流行，这些多肽类抗生素再次引起了临床关注。本综述重点介绍了目前关于多黏菌素类抗生素耐药机制及其分子流行病学的信息。了解这些病原体的耐药机制和流行病学对于开发新型抗菌药物和快速治疗选择至关重要。
