Gomes Sabrina C, da Fonseca Juliane G, Miller Luísa M, Manenti Luciane, Angst Patrícia Daniela M, Lamers Marcelo L, Brum Ilma S, Nunes Luciana N
Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
J Periodontol. 2022 Oct;93(10):1476-1485. doi: 10.1002/JPER.21-0623. Epub 2022 Apr 9.
Saliva, salivary glands, gingival crevicular fluid, and supragingival biofilms may harbor SARS-CoV-2 RNA. This observational study aimed to investigate the presence and load of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in supragingival, and subgingival biofilms obtained from intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
A convenience sample, composed of 52 COVID-19+ participants (48.6 ± 14.8 years, 26.9% females), were evaluated for pre-existing comorbidities, number of teeth, and periodontal data [visible plaque (VPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PPD), and attachment loss (AL)]. Supragingival and subgingival samples (SubDeep: four sites with the deepest PPD; SubRemain: remaining shallower sites) were analyzed by RT-qPCR with corresponding cycle quantification (Cq). Statistical analyses considered the individual (P = 5%).
Twenty-six participants tested positive for dental biofilms (Biofilm+) with 96.2% of them being positive for subgingival samples. Pre-existing comorbidities, number of teeth examined, VPI, PPD, AL, and BOP were similar between Biofilm+ and Biofilm-. SubDeep PPD (3.72 ± 0.86), AL (4.34 ± 1.33), and % of BOP (66.0 ± 31.1) values were significantly greater compared to SubRemain values (2.84 ± 0.48, 3.37 ± 0.34, and 20.4 ± 24.1, respectively). Biofilm+ Cqs showed no association with the periodontal condition. Cqs from Nasopharynx/Oropharynx (Naso/Oro; n = 36) were similar between Biofilm+ and Biofilm- participants. Length of time since ICU intake, last Naso/Oro RT-qPCR readings, onset of COVID-19 symptoms, and biofilm samplings were greater for Biofilm-.
ICU patients harbored SARS-CoV-2 RNA in supragingival and subgingival biofilms, irrespective of the periodontal condition, and systemic viral load. The high number of positive patients highlights the need to better understand this habit to provide adequate oral care.
唾液、唾液腺、龈沟液和龈上生物膜可能含有严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）RNA。这项观察性研究旨在调查从重症监护病房（ICU）患者获取的龈上和龈下生物膜中SARS-CoV-2 RNA的存在情况和载量。
选取了一个便利样本，由52名新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）阳性参与者（年龄48.6±14.8岁，女性占26.9%）组成，评估其既往合并症、牙齿数量和牙周数据[可见菌斑指数（VPI）、探诊出血（BOP）、牙周探诊深度（PPD）和附着丧失（AL）]。龈上和龈下样本（SubDeep：PPD最深的四个位点；SubRemain：其余较浅位点）通过逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）及相应的循环定量（Cq）进行分析。统计分析以个体为单位（P = 5%）。
26名参与者的牙生物膜检测呈阳性（Biofilm+），其中96.2%的龈下样本呈阳性。Biofilm+组和Biofilm-组在既往合并症、检查的牙齿数量、VPI、PPD、AL和BOP方面相似。与SubRemain值（分别为2.84±0.48、3.37±0.34和20.4±24.1）相比，SubDeep的PPD（3.72±0.86）、AL（4.34±1.33）和BOP百分比（66.0±31.1）值显著更高。Biofilm+的Cq值与牙周状况无关联。Biofilm+组和Biofilm-组参与者的鼻咽部/口咽部（Naso/Oro；n = 36）的Cq值相似。Biofilm-组从入住ICU起的时间、上次Naso/Oro RT-qPCR读数、COVID-19症状出现时间和生物膜采样时间更长。
ICU患者的龈上和龈下生物膜中含有SARS-CoV-2 RNA，与牙周状况和全身病毒载量无关。阳性患者数量众多，凸显了更好地了解这种情况以提供充分口腔护理的必要性。
