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地诺单抗(XGEVA®)在获批后10年预防骨相关事件的经验。

Experience with denosumab (XGEVA®) for prevention of skeletal-related events in the 10 years after approval.

作者信息

Cadieux Benoit, Coleman Robert, Jafarinasabian Pegah, Lipton Allan, Orlowski Robert Z, Saad Fred, Scagliotti Giorgio V, Shimizu Kazuyuki, Stopeck Alison

机构信息

Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.

Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

出版信息

J Bone Oncol. 2022 Feb 7;33:100416. doi: 10.1016/j.jbo.2022.100416. eCollection 2022 Apr.

Abstract

Skeletal-related events (SREs) are complications of bone metastases and carry a significant patient and economic burden. Denosumab is a receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) inhibitor approved for SRE prevention in patients with multiple myeloma and patients with bone metastases from solid tumors. In phase 3 trials, denosumab showed superiority to the bisphosphonate zoledronate in reducing the risk of first on-study SRE by 17% (median time to first on-study SRE delayed by 8.2 months) and the risk of first and subsequent on-study SREs by 18% across multiple solid tumor types, including some patients with multiple myeloma. Denosumab also improved pain outcomes and reduced the need for strong opioids. Additionally, a phase 3 trial showed denosumab was noninferior to zoledronate in delaying time to first SRE in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Denosumab has a convenient 120 mg every 4 weeks recommended dosing schedule with subcutaneous administration. Rare but serious toxicities associated with denosumab include osteonecrosis of the jaw, hypocalcemia, and atypical femoral fracture events, with multiple vertebral fractures reported following treatment discontinuation. After a decade of real-world clinical experience with denosumab, we are still learning about the optimal use and dosing for denosumab. Despite the emergence of novel and effective antitumor therapies, there remains a strong rationale for the clinical utility of antiresorptive therapy for SRE prevention. Ongoing studies aim to optimize clinical management of patients using denosumab for SRE prevention while maintaining safety and efficacy.

摘要

骨相关事件(SREs)是骨转移的并发症,给患者带来巨大负担并造成经济损失。地诺单抗是一种核因子κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)抑制剂,已被批准用于预防多发性骨髓瘤患者以及实体瘤骨转移患者的SREs。在3期试验中,地诺单抗在降低首次研究期SRE风险方面显示出优于双膦酸盐唑来膦酸,风险降低17%(首次研究期SRE的中位时间延迟8.2个月),在多种实体瘤类型中,包括一些多发性骨髓瘤患者,首次及后续研究期SRE的风险降低18%。地诺单抗还改善了疼痛结局并减少了强效阿片类药物的使用需求。此外,一项3期试验表明,在延迟新诊断的多发性骨髓瘤患者首次发生SRE的时间方面,地诺单抗不劣于唑来膦酸。地诺单抗推荐的给药方案方便,每4周皮下注射120mg。与地诺单抗相关的罕见但严重的毒性包括颌骨坏死、低钙血症和非典型股骨骨折事件,停药后有多发椎体骨折的报告。在地诺单抗经过十年的实际临床应用后,我们仍在了解其最佳使用方法和剂量。尽管出现了新型有效的抗肿瘤疗法,但抗吸收疗法预防SREs的临床应用仍有充分的理论依据。正在进行的研究旨在优化使用地诺单抗预防SREs患者的临床管理,同时保持安全性和有效性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1e07/8857591/99ef199d7ac3/gr1.jpg

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