Cavanagh James F, Ryman Sephira, Richardson Sarah Pirio
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Prog Brain Res. 2022;269(1):137-152. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.01.019. Epub 2022 Jan 26.
Cognitive control is the ability to act according to plan. Problems with cognitive control are a primary symptom and a major decrement of quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). Individuals with PD have problems with seemingly different controlled processes (e.g., task switching, impulsivity, gait disturbance, apathetic motivation). We review how these varied processes all rely upon disease-related alteration of common neural substrates, particularly due to dopaminergic imbalance. A comprehensive understanding of the neural systems underlying cognitive control will hopefully lead to more concise and reliable explanations of distributed deficits. However, high levels of clinical heterogeneity and medication-invariant control deficiencies suggest the need for increasingly detailed elaboration of the neural systems underlying control in PD.
认知控制是指按照计划行动的能力。认知控制问题是帕金森病（PD）的主要症状和生活质量下降的主要因素。帕金森病患者在看似不同的控制过程中存在问题（例如，任务切换、冲动性、步态障碍、冷漠动机）。我们回顾了这些不同的过程如何都依赖于与疾病相关的常见神经基质的改变，特别是由于多巴胺能失衡。对认知控制背后的神经系统有一个全面的理解，有望对分布式缺陷做出更简洁可靠的解释。然而，高度的临床异质性和药物不变的控制缺陷表明，需要对帕金森病控制背后的神经系统进行越来越详细的阐述。
