Sarkar Prasanta Kumar, Das Mukhopadhyay Chitrangada
Department of Rasashastra, J. B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital (affiliated to WBHS), Kolkata 700004, West Bengal, India.
Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India.
J Herb Med. 2022 Mar;32:100554. doi: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100554. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
The need for specific therapeutics against infectious diseases is made very important at this moment by the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-COV-2. Vaccines containing live attenuated or heat-inactivated pathogens elicit robust immune responses, but their safety is sometimes not assured. Subunit vaccines consisting of the most potent antigenic protein or carbohydrates of the pathogen are safer but often induce a weak immune response. Traditional Ayurveda medicines have a long history of safety and may act as immuno-modulators or vaccine adjuvants. They can reduce the amount of vaccine booster doses required to elicit an immune response against any pathogen. The main objective of this review is a mechanistic evaluation of the antiviral potential of Ayurveda herbal compositions for their ability to increase cytokine expression and enhance NK cell activity, activate CD4/ CD8 + T cells, and increase the formation of IL-2 and IFNγ against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Various peer-reviewed publications, books, monographs, and reputed search engines were reviewed in depth. Information available from the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia and in recent analyses were compared in order to understand the mechanism of action of herbal components against SARS-CoV-2.
It was found in various molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies that many bioactive natural components of Ayurvedic medicines could prevent viral entry or multiplication within a human host.
Ayurvedic herbal medicines can be used either independently as therapeutics or as a complement to the modern-day recombinant vaccines with immediate effect. Ayurveda-based adjuvant therapy can also efficiently manage the secondary symptoms of COVID 19 patients.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行使得此刻对抗传染病的特效疗法变得极为重要。含有减毒活病原体或热灭活病原体的疫苗能引发强烈的免疫反应，但其安全性有时无法得到保证。由病原体最具效力的抗原性蛋白质或碳水化合物组成的亚单位疫苗更安全，但往往诱导较弱的免疫反应。传统阿育吠陀药物有着悠久的安全使用历史，可能起到免疫调节剂或疫苗佐剂的作用。它们可以减少引发针对任何病原体的免疫反应所需的疫苗加强剂量。本综述的主要目的是对阿育吠陀草药组合物的抗病毒潜力进行机制评估，评估其增加细胞因子表达、增强自然杀伤（NK）细胞活性、激活CD4/CD8 + T细胞以及增加针对SARS-CoV-2感染的白细胞介素-2（IL-2）和干扰素γ（IFNγ）形成的能力。
对各种同行评审的出版物、书籍、专著和知名搜索引擎进行了深入审查。比较了阿育吠陀药典和近期分析中可得的信息，以了解草药成分对抗SARS-CoV-2的作用机制。
在各种分子对接和分子动力学研究中发现，阿育吠陀药物的许多生物活性天然成分可以阻止病毒在人类宿主内进入或繁殖。
阿育吠陀草药既可以单独用作治疗药物，也可以作为现代重组疫苗的补充，立即产生效果。基于阿育吠陀的辅助治疗还可以有效管理COVID-19患者的继发症状。
