Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 8;17(3):e0265034. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265034. eCollection 2022.
We analyzed data from a cohort of Black and Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) in order to identify correlates of prevalent and incident incarceration, including potential predictors related to their status as sexual and gender minorities (SGMs). Baseline and follow-up self-administered survey data were examined from Los Angeles County participants' ages 18-45 years at enrollment who were either HIV negative or living with HIV, but recruited to over represent men who used drugs and men with unsuppressed HIV infection. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to identify predictors of baseline incarceration history and of incident incarceration over study follow-up among 440 and 338 participants, respectively. Older age, Black race, low socioeconomic status, homelessness, stimulant use, and depression symptoms were associated with baseline incarceration history. The only SGM-related factor associated with baseline incarceration history was having experienced violence based on sexual orientation identity. Just one statistically significant, independent positive predictor of incident incarceration was identified: prior incarceration, whereas having four or more friends that could lend money was a statistically significant protective factor against incident incarceration. Fundamental Cause Theory provides a useful framework to explain identified predictors of incarceration. Addressing poverty, housing instability, inadequate access to health care, and their root causes is critical to reducing incarceration rates in this population, as is expanded access to both diversion and anti-recidivism programs and to evidence-based treatment for stimulant use disorders.
我们分析了一组与男男性行为者（MSM）有关的黑人和拉丁裔男性的数据，以确定普遍存在和新出现的监禁的相关因素，包括与他们作为性少数群体和性别少数群体（SGM）相关的潜在预测因素。研究对象为年龄在 18-45 岁之间的洛杉矶县参与者，他们在入组时要么 HIV 阴性，要么 HIV 阳性，但招募的目的是为了更多地代表使用毒品的男性和 HIV 感染未得到抑制的男性。采用多变量逻辑回归模型分别确定了 440 名和 338 名参与者中基线监禁史和研究随访期间新监禁的预测因素。年龄较大、黑人种族、低社会经济地位、无家可归、兴奋剂使用和抑郁症状与基线监禁史有关。唯一与基线监禁史相关的 SGM 相关因素是基于性取向身份经历过暴力。只有一个与新监禁相关的统计学显著独立正向预测因素：先前监禁，而有四个或更多可以借钱的朋友是新监禁的统计学显著保护因素。根本原因理论为解释监禁的预测因素提供了一个有用的框架。解决贫困、住房不稳定、获得医疗保健机会不足及其根本原因，对于降低该人群的监禁率至关重要，扩大对转移和反累犯计划的机会以及对兴奋剂使用障碍的循证治疗也至关重要。
