Gwinnutt James M, Wieczorek Maud, Balanescu Andra, Bischoff-Ferrari Heike A, Boonen Annelies, Cavalli Giulio, de Souza Savia, de Thurah Annette, Dorner Thomas E, Moe Rikke Helene, Putrik Polina, Rodríguez-Carrio Javier, Silva-Fernández Lucía, Stamm Tanja, Walker-Bone Karen, Welling Joep, Zlatković-Švenda Mirjana I, Guillemin Francis, Verstappen Suzanne M M
Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
EA 4360 Apemac, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
Ann Rheum Dis. 2023 Jan;82(1):48-56. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-222020. Epub 2022 Mar 8.
A European League Against Rheumatism taskforce was convened to review the literature and develop recommendations on lifestyle behaviours for rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs).
Six lifestyle exposures (exercise, diet, weight, alcohol, smoking, work participation) and seven RMDs (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, gout) were considered. The taskforce included health professionals in rheumatology, geriatricians, epidemiologists, public health experts, people with RMDs and exposure domain experts. Systematic reviews were conducted to gather available evidence, from which recommendations were developed.
Five overarching principles and 18 specific recommendations were defined based on available evidence. The overarching principles define the importance of a healthy lifestyle, how lifestyle modifications should be implemented, and their role in relation to medical treatments. Exercise recommendations highlight the safety and benefits of exercise on pain and disability, particularly among people with osteoarthritis and axial spondyloarthritis. The diet recommendations emphasise the importance of a healthy, balanced diet for people with RMDs. People with RMDs and health professionals should work together to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Small amounts of alcohol are unlikely to negatively affect the outcomes of people with RMDs, although people with rheumatoid arthritis and gout may be at risk of flares after moderate alcohol consumption. Smokers should be supported to quit. Work participation may have benefits on RMD outcomes and should be discussed in consultations.
These recommendations cover a range of lifestyle behaviours and can guide shared decision making between people with RMDs and health professionals when developing and monitoring treatment plans.
召集了一个欧洲抗风湿病联盟特别工作组，以回顾相关文献并就风湿性和肌肉骨骼疾病（RMDs）的生活方式行为制定建议。
考虑了六种生活方式暴露因素（运动、饮食、体重、酒精、吸烟、工作参与度）和七种RMDs（骨关节炎、类风湿关节炎、轴性脊柱关节炎、银屑病关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、系统性硬化症、痛风）。特别工作组成员包括风湿病领域的健康专业人员、老年病学家、流行病学家、公共卫生专家、患有RMDs的患者以及暴露领域专家。进行了系统评价以收集现有证据，并据此制定建议。
根据现有证据确定了五项总体原则和18项具体建议。总体原则界定了健康生活方式的重要性、应如何实施生活方式改变以及它们在医学治疗方面的作用。运动建议强调了运动对疼痛和残疾的安全性及益处，尤其是在骨关节炎和轴性脊柱关节炎患者中。饮食建议强调了健康、均衡饮食对患有RMDs的患者的重要性。患有RMDs的患者和健康专业人员应共同努力实现并维持健康体重。少量饮酒不太可能对患有RMDs的患者的病情产生负面影响，尽管类风湿关节炎和痛风患者在适度饮酒后可能有病情复发的风险。应支持吸烟者戒烟。工作参与度可能对RMDs病情有好处，应在会诊时进行讨论。
这些建议涵盖了一系列生活方式行为，可指导患有RMDs的患者和健康专业人员在制定和监测治疗计划时进行共同决策。
