Longhurst R
Nutr Health. 1986;4(2):83-94. doi: 10.1177/026010608600400204.
Agricultural development in developing countries has not lead to significant improvements in the consumption and nutrition of poor people. One reason is that, in the design of policy and projects, consumption objectives have not been incorporated explicitly. Far greater understanding is required of the way rural people plan their strategies for obtaining household food; external assistance should build on these activities rather than undermine them. This has often occurred in the past. Five aspects of agricultural policy are considered which, if incorporated into planning and implemented, should lead to improvements in food consumption and nutrition. These are: first, a review of the way in which export crops should be introduced and promoted so that food security is not adversely affected; second, a discussion of the need to give greater attention to what are known as "minor" crops; third, a discussion of the importance of incorporating seasonality into planning; fourth, a review of the importance of women; and fifth, an examination of the ways in which crop breeding research should involve nutritional concerns. The paper concludes with some observations from Kenya whereby agricultural sector planning could incorporate nutritional objectives.
发展中国家的农业发展并未给贫困人口的消费和营养状况带来显著改善。原因之一是，在政策和项目设计中，消费目标并未得到明确纳入。我们需要更深入地了解农村居民规划家庭食物获取策略的方式；外部援助应基于这些活动，而非对其造成破坏。过去这种情况经常发生。本文探讨了农业政策的五个方面，若将其纳入规划并加以实施，应能改善食物消费和营养状况。这五个方面分别是：其一，审视引入和推广出口作物的方式，以确保粮食安全不受不利影响；其二，讨论更加关注所谓“小众”作物的必要性；其三，探讨将季节性因素纳入规划的重要性；其四，审视女性的重要性；其五，研究作物育种研究应如何兼顾营养问题。本文最后列举了肯尼亚的一些观察结果，说明农业部门规划可如何纳入营养目标。
