Mengarda Ana C, Iles Bruno, F Longo João Paulo, de Moraes Josué
Research Center for Neglected Diseases, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Brazil.
Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2022 Apr;19(4):383-393. doi: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2051477. Epub 2022 Mar 14.
Infections caused by parasitic flatworms impose a considerable worldwide health burden. Recently, World Health Organization launched its roadmap for neglected diseases for the period 2021 to 2030 and oral treatment with praziquantel (PZQ) in tablet form is the main drug therapy for combating these diseases, but its use is limited by many drawbacks, including the high therapeutic dose due to the drug's low solubility and bioavailability. Among the strategies to improve PZQ performance, the use of drug nanocarriers has been cited as an interesting approach to overcome these pharmacological issues.
This review focuses on the various types of nanomaterials (polymeric, lipidic, inorganic nanoparticles, and nanocrystals) which have been recently used to improve PZQ therapy. In addition, recent advances in PZQ nanoformulations, developed to overcome the barriers of the conventional drug are described.
Considering the poor rate of discovery in the anthelmintic segment observed in recent decades, the effective management of existing drugs has become essential. The application of new strategies based on nanotechnology can extend the useful life of PZQ in new and more effective formulations. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology can solve the pharmacokinetic challenges characteristic of PZQ and improve its solubility and bioavailability.
寄生扁虫引起的感染给全球带来了相当大的健康负担。最近，世界卫生组织发布了2021年至2030年被忽视疾病路线图，以片剂形式的吡喹酮（PZQ）口服治疗是对抗这些疾病的主要药物疗法，但其使用受到许多缺点的限制，包括由于药物溶解度和生物利用度低而导致的高治疗剂量。在改善PZQ性能的策略中，使用药物纳米载体被认为是克服这些药理学问题的一种有趣方法。
本综述重点关注最近用于改善PZQ治疗的各种类型的纳米材料（聚合物、脂质、无机纳米颗粒和纳米晶体）。此外，还描述了为克服传统药物障碍而开发的PZQ纳米制剂的最新进展。
鉴于近几十年来在驱虫领域观察到的低发现率，对现有药物进行有效管理变得至关重要。基于纳米技术的新策略的应用可以延长PZQ在新的更有效制剂中的使用寿命。药物纳米技术可以解决PZQ特有的药代动力学挑战，并提高其溶解度和生物利用度。
