Starkova Olesja, Gagani Abedin I, Karl Christian W, Rocha Iuri B C M, Burlakovs Juris, Krauklis Andrey E
Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia.
Siemens Digital Industries Software, Via Werner von Siemens 1, 20128 Milan, Italy.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Feb 24;14(5):907. doi: 10.3390/polym14050907.
Polymers and polymer composites are negatively impacted by environmental ageing, reducing their service lifetimes. The uncertainty of the material interaction with the environment compromises their superior strength and stiffness. Validation of new composite materials and structures often involves lengthy and expensive testing programs. Therefore, modelling is an affordable alternative that can partly replace extensive testing and thus reduce validation costs. Durability prediction models are often subject to conflicting requirements of versatility and minimum experimental efforts required for their validation. Based on physical observations of composite macroproperties, engineering and phenomenological models provide manageable representations of complex mechanistic models. This review offers a systematised overview of the state-of-the-art models and accelerated testing methodologies for predicting the long-term mechanical performance of polymers and polymer composites. Accelerated testing methods for predicting static, creep, and fatig ue lifetime of various polymers and polymer composites under environmental factors' single or coupled influence are overviewed. Service lifetimes are predicted by means of degradation rate models, superposition principles, and parametrisation techniques. This review is a continuation of the authors' work on modelling environmental ageing of polymer composites: the first part of the review covered multiscale and modular modelling methods of environmental degradation. The present work is focused on modelling engineering mechanical properties.
聚合物和聚合物复合材料会受到环境老化的负面影响，从而缩短其使用寿命。材料与环境相互作用的不确定性损害了它们卓越的强度和刚度。新型复合材料及结构的验证通常涉及冗长且昂贵的测试项目。因此，建模是一种经济实惠的替代方法，它可以部分取代大量测试，从而降低验证成本。耐久性预测模型常常面临通用性与验证所需最少实验工作量这两个相互冲突的要求。基于对复合材料宏观性能的物理观察，工程模型和唯象模型为复杂的机理模型提供了易于处理的表示形式。本综述对用于预测聚合物和聚合物复合材料长期力学性能的最新模型及加速测试方法进行了系统概述。综述了在环境因素单一或耦合影响下，预测各种聚合物和聚合物复合材料静态、蠕变及疲劳寿命的加速测试方法。通过降解速率模型、叠加原理和参数化技术来预测使用寿命。本综述是作者关于聚合物复合材料环境老化建模工作的延续：综述的第一部分涵盖了环境降解的多尺度和模块化建模方法。目前的工作聚焦于工程力学性能建模。
