Kaczorek Dobrosława
Thermal Physics, Acoustics and Environment Department, Building Research Institute (ITB), Filtrowa 1 Str., 00-611 Warsaw, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Mar 2;15(5):1862. doi: 10.3390/ma15051862.
In certain situations, internal insulation is the only possible renovation option. However, it is risky where there is high humidity in a building and ventilation is not working sufficiently. The internal insulation retrofit changes the original thermal and moisture balance of a wall, therefore, it is necessary to carefully design it already at the initial stage. This paper analyses four interior insulation systems based on open diffusion capillary active materials: wood fibreboards (flex and rigid), perlite boards, and microporous calcium silicate. The hygrothermal performance under the climatic conditions of Central Europe (Poland) was assessed using the WUFI Plus software, taking into account the dynamic variation of indoor and outdoor conditions. The analysis included three insulation thicknesses with different ventilation rates and varying moisture loads. The results show that the hygrothermal properties of the wall change with the increase of insulation thickness and depend on the individual moisture properties of the material. In addition, both the reduction of moisture load and more intensive air exchange improve the hygrothermal properties at the interface between the insulation and the wall. Of all the solutions analysed, the system with perlite board and the system with wood fibreboard showed the worst hygric properties. Conversely, the highest risk of mould and interstitial condensation was recorded for the flex wood fibreboard solution.
在某些情况下，内部保温是唯一可行的翻新选择。然而，在建筑物湿度高且通风不足的情况下，这存在风险。内部保温改造会改变墙体原有的热湿平衡，因此，在初始阶段就需要仔细设计。本文分析了四种基于开放扩散毛细活性材料的内部保温系统：木纤维板（柔性和刚性）、珍珠岩板和微孔硅酸钙。使用WUFI Plus软件评估了中欧（波兰）气候条件下的热湿性能，同时考虑了室内外条件的动态变化。分析包括三种不同通风率和不同湿度负荷的保温厚度。结果表明，墙体热湿性能随保温厚度的增加而变化，并取决于材料的个体吸湿性能。此外，湿度负荷的降低和更强烈的空气交换都能改善保温层与墙体界面处的热湿性能。在所有分析的解决方案中，珍珠岩板系统和木纤维板系统的吸湿性能最差。相反地 ，柔性木纤维板解决方案记录到霉菌和间隙冷凝风险最高。
