CONSTRUCT-LESE, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Mar 3;22(5):1976. doi: 10.3390/s22051976.
In railways, weigh-in-motion (WIM) systems are composed of a series of sensors designed to capture and record the dynamic vertical forces applied by the passing train over the rail. From these forces, with specific algorithms, it is possible to estimate axle weights, wagon weights, the total train weight, vehicle speed, etc. Infrastructure managers have a particular interest in identifying these parameters for comparing real weights with permissible limits to warn when the train is overloaded. WIM is also particularly important for controlling non-uniform axle loads since it may damage the infrastructure and increase the risk of derailment. Hence, the real-time assessment of the axle loads of railway vehicles is of great interest for the protection of railways, planning track maintenance actions and for safety during the train operation. Although weigh-in-motion systems are used for the purpose of assessing the static loads enforced by the train onto the infrastructure, the present study proposes a new approach to deal with the issue. In this paper, a WIM algorithm developed for ballasted tracks is proposed and validated with synthetic data from trains that run in the Portuguese railway network. The proposed methodology to estimate the wheel static load is successfully accomplished, as the load falls within the confidence interval. This study constitutes a step forward in the development of WIM systems capable of estimating the weight of the train in motion. From the results, the algorithm is validated, demonstrating its potential for real-world application.
在铁路领域，动态称重（WIM）系统由一系列传感器组成，旨在捕获和记录通过铁轨的列车施加的动态垂直力。通过特定的算法，从这些力中可以估计轴重、车重、列车总重、车辆速度等。基础设施管理者特别感兴趣的是识别这些参数，以便将实际重量与允许的限制进行比较，当列车超载时发出警告。WIM 对于控制非均匀轴重也非常重要，因为它可能会损坏基础设施并增加脱轨的风险。因此，实时评估铁路车辆的轴重对于保护铁路、规划轨道维护行动以及列车运行安全都具有重要意义。虽然 WIM 系统用于评估列车对基础设施施加的静态载荷，但本研究提出了一种新的方法来处理这个问题。本文提出了一种适用于有碴轨道的 WIM 算法，并使用在葡萄牙铁路网络上运行的列车的合成数据进行了验证。所提出的估计车轮静载荷的方法成功地完成了，因为载荷落在置信区间内。这项研究是朝着开发能够估算运动中列车重量的 WIM 系统迈出的一步。从结果来看，该算法得到了验证，证明了其在实际应用中的潜力。
