Simard Mélissa, Rakotoarivelo Volatiana, Di Marzo Vincenzo, Flamand Nicolas
Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Département of Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Feb 22;13:826400. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.826400. eCollection 2022.
The cannabinoid CB receptor was cloned from the promyeloid cell line HL-60 and is notably expressed in most, if not all leukocyte types. This relatively restricted localization, combined to the absence of psychotropic effects following its activation, make it an attractive drug target for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, there has been an increasing interest in the past decades to identify precisely which immune cells express the CB receptor and what are the consequences of such activation. Herein, we provide new data on the expression of both CB and CB receptors by human blood leukocytes and discuss the impact of CB receptor activation in human leukocytes. While the expression of the CB mRNA can be detected in eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, B and T lymphocytes, this receptor is most abundant in human eosinophils and B lymphocytes. We also review the evidence obtained from primary human leukocytes and immortalized cell lines regarding the regulation of their functions by the CB receptor, which underscore the urgent need to deepen our understanding of the CB receptor as an immunoregulator in humans.
大麻素CB受体是从早幼粒细胞系HL-60中克隆出来的,在大多数(即便不是所有)白细胞类型中都有显著表达。这种相对局限的定位,再加上其激活后没有精神otropic作用,使其成为炎症和自身免疫性疾病颇具吸引力的药物靶点。因此,在过去几十年里,人们越来越有兴趣精确确定哪些免疫细胞表达CB受体以及这种激活会产生什么后果。在此,我们提供了关于人血白细胞中CB和CB受体表达的新数据,并讨论了CB受体激活对人白细胞的影响。虽然在嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞、单核细胞、B和T淋巴细胞中可以检测到CB mRNA的表达,但该受体在人嗜酸性粒细胞和B淋巴细胞中最为丰富。我们还回顾了从原代人白细胞和永生化细胞系中获得的关于CB受体对其功能调节的证据,这些证据强调了迫切需要加深我们对CB受体作为人类免疫调节剂的理解。