加拿大儿童和青少年中与吸入电子烟烟雾相关的急性损伤或疾病：加拿大儿科医生的横断面调查
Acute injury or illness related to the inhalation of vaping aerosols among children and adolescents across Canada: A cross-sectional survey of Canadian paediatricians.
作者信息
Zutrauen Sarah, Do Minh T, Ghandour Lina, Moore-Hepburn Charlotte, Beno Suzanne, Richmond Sarah A, Chadi Nicholas
机构信息
Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
Paediatr Child Health. 2021 Aug 23;27(1):43-49. doi: 10.1093/pch/pxab062. eCollection 2022 Mar.
BACKGROUND
Vaping prevalence rates have increased among Canadian youth. Evidence suggests that vaping poses significant health risks to children and adolescents.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the study were to investigate epidemiological characteristics of acute injury/illness cases due to the inhalation of vaping aerosols among children and adolescents across Canada and to explore factors contributing to severe cases.
METHODS
Data from the 2019 Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program cross-sectional survey on vaping-related injury/illness were used. Analyses focused on injury/illness cases (n=71) among children and adolescents aged 0 to 17 years who presented to participating paediatricians for a harm related to the inhalation of vaping aerosols. We conducted descriptive analyses and performed logistic regression to explore associations between severe presentations requiring hospitalization or intensive care unit (ICU) admission and selected case characteristics.
RESULTS
Of the 71 reported injury/illness cases related to inhalation of vaping aerosols, 56% of patients were male, and 68% were aged 15 to 17 years. Nicotine vaping was reported in 42% of cases, and cannabis vaping in 24%. Fifty-four per cent presented with respiratory distress, 18% with symptoms of nicotine toxicity, and 41% required hospitalization and/or admission to the ICU. Cases presenting with respiratory distress were more likely to be hospitalized/admitted to the ICU (odds ratio [OR]=5.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.76 to 16.39).
CONCLUSIONS
The inhalation of vaping aerosols among children and adolescents may contribute to acute injury/illness. Clear associations between study variables and severe cases could not be established due to a small sample size. Additional research is needed to determine predictors and preventable risk factors of severe vaping-related injuries.
背景
加拿大青少年中电子烟的使用率有所上升。有证据表明，吸电子烟会给儿童和青少年带来重大健康风险。
目的
本研究的目的是调查加拿大儿童和青少年因吸入电子烟烟雾而导致急性损伤/疾病的流行病学特征，并探讨导致重症病例的因素。
方法
使用了2019年加拿大儿科监测项目关于电子烟相关损伤/疾病的横断面调查数据。分析重点是0至17岁儿童和青少年中因吸入电子烟烟雾相关伤害而就诊于参与调查的儿科医生的损伤/疾病病例（n = 71）。我们进行了描述性分析，并进行逻辑回归以探讨需要住院或入住重症监护病房（ICU）的严重病例与选定病例特征之间的关联。
结果
在71例报告的与吸入电子烟烟雾相关的损伤/疾病病例中，56%的患者为男性，68%的患者年龄在15至17岁之间。42%的病例报告使用含尼古丁电子烟，24%使用含大麻电子烟。54%的患者出现呼吸窘迫，18%出现尼古丁中毒症状，41%需要住院和/或入住ICU。出现呼吸窘迫的病例更有可能住院/入住ICU（优势比[OR]=5.37，95%置信区间[CI]：1.76至16.39）。
结论
儿童和青少年吸入电子烟烟雾可能导致急性损伤/疾病。由于样本量较小，无法确定研究变量与重症病例之间的明确关联。需要进一步研究以确定严重电子烟相关损伤的预测因素和可预防风险因素。
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