Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France.
Parasitology-Mycology Department, University-Hospital centre of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Ampefiloha, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
J Med Entomol. 2022 May 11;59(3):1081-1085. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjac022.
Bed bugs are hematophagous insects with a long history of presence in human communities. Over the last three decades, infestations by bed bugs in human dwellings have drastically increased, leading to a rise in bed bug concerns. This study was conducted in May 2019 in the Miarinarivo district of Madagascar. Eight locations with suspected infestations were inspected. Of these, five locations were found with active bed bug infestations. Overall, 23 (19 adults and four nymphs) specimens with numbers per apartment ranging from 2 to 6 were collected and analyzed using morphological and molecular approaches. Of 19 adults collected, 18 were morphologically identified as Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), with the final adult identified as C. lectularius. Morphological identification of adults was confirmed by sequencing 450 bp fragment of COI gene. All four nymphs were also identified molecularly as C. hemipterus. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of COI gene and sequence alignment of C. hemipterus specimens revealed the presence of two groups (first group clustered with previously reported haplotype from Asian and African countries and the second group encompassed a lesser known haplotype exclusively from Africa (Kenya and Senegal). This study presents low genetic diversity among C. hemipterus specimens and, for the first time, reports the occurrence of C. lectularius, known as temperate species, in Madagascar. These results can be helpful in control management strategies against these ectoparasites in this country.
臭虫是一种嗜血性昆虫，长期存在于人类社区中。在过去的三十年中，人类住所中的臭虫大量滋生，导致臭虫问题日益严重。本研究于 2019 年 5 月在马达加斯加的米亚里纳里沃地区进行。检查了 8 个疑似有臭虫出没的地点。其中，有 5 个地点发现有活跃的臭虫滋生。总共收集和分析了 23 个（19 个成虫和 4 个若虫）标本，每个公寓的数量从 2 到 6 不等。通过形态学和分子方法进行分析。收集的 19 个成虫中，有 18 个被形态学鉴定为 Cimex hemipterus（半翅目：Cimicidae），最后一个成虫被鉴定为 C. lectularius。通过对 COI 基因 450bp 片段进行测序，确认了成虫的形态鉴定。所有 4 个若虫也通过分子鉴定为 C. hemipterus。COI 基因的最大似然系统发育树和 C. hemipterus 标本的序列比对显示存在两个组（第一组与以前在亚洲和非洲国家报道的单倍型聚集在一起，第二组包含一个鲜为人知的单倍型，仅来自非洲（肯尼亚和塞内加尔）。本研究表明 C. hemipterus 标本的遗传多样性较低，首次报告了已知温带物种 C. lectularius 在马达加斯加的发生。这些结果有助于制定针对该国这些外寄生虫的控制管理策略。
