da Silva Carvalho Daniel, Viana de Alecrim Marcos Martinho, de Sousa Júnior Rafael Timóteo, Ribeiro Júnior Luiz Antônio
Fingerprint Identification and Human Facial Representation Service, Criminal Identification Division, National Institute of Identification, Federal Police, Brasília 70610-200, Brazil.
Criminal Identification and Information Service, Criminal Identification Division, National Institute of Identification, Federal Police, Brasília 70610-200, Brazil.
Sci Justice. 2022 Mar;62(2):181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.scijus.2022.01.005. Epub 2022 Jan 26.
Fingerprints do not repeat, varying from region to region on the same fingerprint and from person to person. Using this morphological exclusivity in the individualization of people is considered one of the most reliable methods of identification worldwide. Many populations have been studied with respect to sex determination from fingerprints. In this study, the ridge density from two different areas - ulnar and radial - of the ten fingerprints from 100 Brazilian men and 100 Brazilian women was ascertained and statistically analyzed. The aim was to check whether these characteristics depended on sex to distinguish them categorically. Women had significantly higher ridge density in both areas for the fingers analyzed globally. Sometimes, men and women showed statistically significant differences in hands and fingers. From ulnar and radial ridge densities, this research developed thresholds for sexual discrimination cases of human identification in Brazil.
指纹不会重复，同一枚指纹上不同区域以及不同人之间的指纹都存在差异。利用这种形态学上的独特性来对人进行个体化识别被认为是全球最可靠的识别方法之一。关于通过指纹进行性别判定，已经对许多人群进行了研究。在本研究中，测定并统计分析了100名巴西男性和100名巴西女性的十枚指纹在两个不同区域——尺侧和桡侧——的嵴密度。目的是检查这些特征是否依赖于性别以便进行明确区分。从整体分析的手指来看，女性在这两个区域的嵴密度均显著更高。有时，男性和女性在手部和手指上表现出统计学上的显著差异。基于尺侧和桡侧嵴密度，本研究制定了巴西人类识别中性别歧视案件的阈值。
