Long Hua, Huang Xinyu, Liu Meijia, Cui Changhao, Li Li, Liao Yang, Yan Dahai
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China; Beijing SPC Environment Protection Tech Co, Ltd, Beiing, 100142, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Jun 1;311:114877. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114877. Epub 2022 Mar 10.
The improper disposal of large amounts of solid waste (SW) has led to serious ecological and environmental problems, especially heavy metal (HM) pollution. Converter steelmaking has the potential to co-process SW, but the distribution of heavy metals (HMs) during converter steelmaking is unclear. In this study, the effects of smelting temperature and slag alkalinity on the distribution of typical HMs in the SW of steel samples, steel slag, and the gas phase were investigated in a specially-made induction furnace. The results showed that upon increasing the smelting temperature, As (AsS) was mainly distributed in the steel sample, and the HM-containing compounds CrO, CrCl, ZnCl, ZnS, ZnO, PbCl, PbS, and PbO were mainly distributed in the gas phase. Upon increasing the alkalinity within a certain range, the distribution of HMs in steel samples and steel slag increased gradually, while their distribution in the gas phase decreased. Thermodynamic calculations, Eh-pH diagrams, XRD patterns, and XPS spectra indicated that impurity elements in the hot metal and the CaO content affected the chemical reactions by which HM-containing compounds in the steel sample formed elemental HMs and those in steel slag existed as oxides; therefore, it is necessary to choose a suitable temperature and alkalinity for slag when disposing of different types of SW.
大量固体废物（SW）的不当处置已导致严重的生态和环境问题，尤其是重金属（HM）污染。转炉炼钢有协同处理固体废物的潜力，但转炉炼钢过程中重金属（HMs）的分布尚不清楚。在本研究中，在特制的感应炉中研究了冶炼温度和炉渣碱度对钢样、钢渣和气相中固体废物典型重金属分布的影响。结果表明，随着冶炼温度升高，砷（AsS）主要分布在钢样中，含重金属化合物CrO、CrCl、ZnCl、ZnS、ZnO、PbCl、PbS和PbO主要分布在气相中。在一定范围内增加碱度时，重金属在钢样和钢渣中的分布逐渐增加，而在气相中的分布减少。热力学计算、Eh-pH图、XRD图谱和XPS光谱表明，铁水中的杂质元素和CaO含量影响钢样中含重金属化合物形成元素态重金属以及钢渣中含重金属化合物以氧化物形式存在的化学反应；因此，在处理不同类型的固体废物时，有必要选择合适的炉渣温度和碱度。
