Keshav Poonam, Goyal Deepak Kumar, Kaur Sukhbir
Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2021 Jul 13;1:100040. doi: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100040. eCollection 2021.
In this study, we explored (CM), a Trans-Himalayan plant for its chemical components by GC-MS, phytochemical quantitation, and anti-leishmanial efficacy against sensitive strain (SS) and resistant strain (RS) promastigotes of . The hydroethanolic extract of aerial parts of CM was screened for the presence of chemical compounds and phytochemical estimation. The antileishmanial activity of CM was assessed against the promastigotes of . The cell volume and cell viability were analyzed by flow cytometry. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid bodies was determined after treatment with reference and test drug. The extract of CM is complemented with major plant secondary metabolites and the quantitative assessment for phytoconstituents showed the highest concentration of phenols followed by flavonoids and terpenoids. Different biologically active chemical compounds were identified by the GC-MS analysis. The 50% inhibitory concentrations against sensitive strain were 14.40 μg/ml and 23.03 μg/ml whereas for resistant promastigotes these were 49.84 μg/ml and 26.77 μg/ml after SAG (sodium stibogluconate) and CM exposure, respectively. CM treatment reduced cell viability induced by loss in plasma membrane integrity. Drug treatment resulted in higher ROS generation and production of lipid bodies. GC-MS screening of the extract revealed the richness of active chemical components in CM. The presence of diverse phytochemicals, no cytotoxicity to human macrophages, and the antileishmanial action of CM depicted its potential as an alternative future drug.
在本研究中，我们通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC-MS）、植物化学定量分析以及对杜氏利什曼原虫敏感株（SS）和耐药株（RS）前鞭毛体的抗利什曼原虫功效，探索了一种喜马拉雅跨界植物（CM）的化学成分。对CM地上部分的水乙醇提取物进行了化合物存在情况筛选和植物化学评估。评估了CM对杜氏利什曼原虫前鞭毛体的抗利什曼原虫活性。通过流式细胞术分析细胞体积和细胞活力。在用参比药物和受试药物处理后，测定活性氧（ROS）和脂质体的生成情况。CM提取物富含主要的植物次生代谢产物，植物成分的定量评估显示酚类浓度最高，其次是黄酮类和萜类。通过GC-MS分析鉴定了不同的生物活性化合物。对敏感株的50%抑制浓度在暴露于葡糖酸锑钠（SAG）和CM后分别为14.40μg/ml和23.03μg/ml，而对耐药前鞭毛体分别为49.84μg/ml和26.77μg/ml。CM处理降低了因质膜完整性丧失所诱导的细胞活力。药物处理导致更高的ROS生成和脂质体产生。提取物的GC-MS筛选揭示了CM中活性化学成分丰富。CM中存在多种植物化学物质，对人类巨噬细胞无细胞毒性，以及其抗利什曼原虫作用表明其作为未来替代药物的潜力。
