Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2022 Jul;51(4):427-434. doi: 10.1111/ahe.12802. Epub 2022 Mar 14.
The pineal gland and melatonin secreted from the gland regulate the biological clock and adaptation to seasonal changes, glucose balance, nutrition and locomotor activities. In this study, the pineal gland of the Lake Van fish was examined anatomically and histologically. The melatonin level secreted from the pineal gland was determined in fish plasma sampled from both lakes and streams during reproduction migration. The pineal gland in the Lake Van fish, as in other teleost fish, is located in the head, under the translucent pineal window, which does not contain many pigment cells. The gland consists of pineal vesicle and pineal stalk parts on the dorsal sac in the Lake Van fish. It was determined that the pineal gland showed good vascularity. The presence of pinealocytes and different types of cells in the pineal organ was determined histologically. Pinealocytes were intensely localized in the lumen of the pineal vesicle. The plasma melatonin level increased in fish passing from lake to stream for reproductive migration.
松果腺和由其分泌的褪黑素调节生物钟和适应季节性变化、葡萄糖平衡、营养和运动活动。本研究对凡湖鱼的松果腺进行了解剖学和组织学检查。在繁殖洄游期间，从两个湖泊和溪流中采集的鱼血浆中测定了松果腺分泌的褪黑素水平。凡湖鱼的松果腺与其他硬骨鱼一样，位于头部，在不包含许多色素细胞的透明的松果腺窗下。松果腺在凡湖鱼的背囊中由松果囊和松果柄部分组成。确定松果腺具有良好的血管生成能力。松果腺组织中存在松果体细胞和不同类型的细胞。松果体细胞强烈定位于松果囊的腔中。在繁殖洄游中从湖泊进入溪流的鱼类中，血浆褪黑素水平升高。
