Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
Recent Pat Nanotechnol. 2023;17(4):327-339. doi: 10.2174/1872210516666220314153635.
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a well-known carcinogen, and hence its removal from aqueous media is an important area of research in the field of environmental engineering. Adsorptive removal and catalytic reduction are the two most common techniques applied for this purpose. In this regard, nanoparticle-mediated technology has contributed significantly. In the current review article, a systematic investigation has been carried out to find the latest developments that took place in the domain of Cr(VI) removal by nanotechnology. The major portion deals with the advancement and application of the new-age materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), g-CN, MXenes, zero-valent iron (ZVI), and their composites, for the Cr(VI) remediation purpose. Various interesting mechanisms, as proposed by different research groups, have been covered. Applications of the nanocomposites in the real wastewater scenario have also been highlighted. Different characterization techniques often conducted in order to get insight into Cr(VI) removal process have been mentioned. Some patents related to this field have been discussed. Lastly, the future scope of the nanomaterials, current challenges, feasibility of using these nanomaterials in large-scale treatment plants, etc., have been addressed before concluding the article.
六价铬（Cr(VI)）是一种众所周知的致癌物质，因此将其从水介质中去除是环境工程领域的一个重要研究领域。吸附去除和催化还原是为此目的应用的两种最常见的技术。在这方面，纳米颗粒介导的技术做出了重大贡献。在当前的综述文章中，系统地研究了寻找通过纳米技术去除 Cr(VI) 的最新发展。主要部分涉及新型材料的进步和应用，例如碳纳米管 (CNT)、g-CN、MXenes、零价铁 (ZVI) 及其复合材料，用于 Cr(VI) 的修复目的。涵盖了不同研究小组提出的各种有趣的机制。还强调了纳米复合材料在实际废水情况下的应用。为了深入了解 Cr(VI)去除过程而经常进行的不同表征技术也被提及。讨论了一些与该领域相关的专利。最后，在文章结束之前，还讨论了纳米材料的未来范围、当前挑战、在大型处理厂中使用这些纳米材料的可行性等。
