Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
Parasitol Int. 2022 Aug;89:102575. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2022.102575. Epub 2022 Mar 12.
Ochoterenatrema is a small genus of lecithodendriid digeneans that includes six species parasitic in Neotropical bats in North and South America. Members of this genus are characterized by the presence of a pseudogonotyl formed by thickened tegument on the left side of the ventral sucker. We examined morphology of specimens belonging to five species of Ochoterenatrema from Brazil, Ecuador and the USA and describe two new Ochoterenatrema spp. (Ochoterenatrema sphaerula n. sp. and Ochoterenatrema gracilis n. sp.). These new species are readily differentiated from their congeners by a combination of morphological characters, including the distribution of vitelline follicles and the body shape. We have provided the first DNA sequences for Ochoterenatrema. Newly generated partial nuclear 28S rDNA and mitochondrial cox1 gene sequences were used to differentiate among species and study the phylogenetic affinities of Ochoterenatrema spp., including one of the new species, O. gracilis n. sp., as well as Ochoterenatrema diminutum, Ochoterenatrema fraternum and Ochoterenatrema cf. labda. The phylogeny of the Microphalloidea based on 28S had well-supported topology, particularly at the family level. The Ochoterenatrema clade was strongly supported; however, the internal topology of the clade was weakly supported. Comparison of sequences revealed 0.4-1.3% interspecific divergence in 28S and 9.1-19.7% interspecific divergence in cox1 among Ochoterenatrema spp. We hypothesize that extremely diverse fauna of bats in South and Central America harbors multiple undescribed species of Ochoterenatrema. Several lecithodendriid genera from bats and other hosts are yet to be included in future molecular phylogenetic analyses to test the monophyly of this extremely diverse digenean family and analyze evolutionary affinities of its constituent taxa.
Ochoterenatrema 是一个小的 Lecithodendriidae 双腔吸虫属，包括寄生在北美洲和南美洲新热带蝙蝠的六种物种。这个属的成员的特征是在腹吸盘的左侧有一个由表皮增厚形成的假尾突。我们检查了来自巴西、厄瓜多尔和美国的五个 Ochoterenatrema 物种的标本形态，并描述了两个新的 Ochoterenatrema 种（Ochoterenatrema sphaerula n. sp. 和 Ochoterenatrema gracilis n. sp.）。这些新种很容易通过形态特征的组合与它们的近缘种区分开来，包括卵黄滤泡的分布和身体形状。我们为 Ochoterenatrema 提供了第一个 DNA 序列。新生成的部分核 28S rDNA 和线粒体 cox1 基因序列用于区分物种，并研究 Ochoterenatrema spp. 的系统发育关系，包括新种之一 Ochoterenatrema gracilis n. sp. 以及 Ochoterenatrema diminutum、Ochoterenatrema fraternum 和 Ochoterenatrema cf. labda。基于 28S 的 Microphalloidea 系统发育具有良好支持的拓扑结构，特别是在科一级。Ochoterenatrema 进化枝得到了强烈支持；然而，该进化枝的内部拓扑结构支持较弱。序列比较显示，在 28S 中，Ochoterenatrema spp. 之间的种间差异为 0.4-1.3%，在 cox1 中为 9.1-19.7%。我们假设，在中南美洲极其多样化的蝙蝠群中，可能存在多种未被描述的 Ochoterenatrema 物种。蝙蝠和其他宿主的几个 Lecithodendriidae 属尚未被纳入未来的分子系统发育分析中，以检验这个极其多样化的双腔吸虫科的单系性，并分析其组成分类单元的进化关系。
