Translational Jump-Diffusion of Hydroxide Ion in Anion Exchange Membrane: Deciphering the Nature of Vehicular Diffusion.

Earlier, and reactive force-field-based molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies suggested an overwhelming contribution of the vehicular diffusion in the total diffusion of hydroxide ions rather than structural diffusion. But does the vehicular diffusion occur via small-step displacement? This question is important to have an understanding of the real characteristics of vehicular diffusion. To answer this question, we perform a classical molecular dynamics simulation of a system containing a hydroxide ion exchange membrane polymer and hydroxide ion at different hydration levels and temperatures using the same molecular force field (Dubey, V. 2020, 755, 137802), which successfully captured the microscopic structure and dynamics of the system. We use the translational jump-diffusion approach, used previously in supercooled water for understanding the origin of breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation, to calculate the jump-diffusion coefficient of hydroxide ion and water in the anion exchange membrane. We have seen a significant role of hydration level and temperature in the mechanism of vehicular diffusion. In overhydrated membrane, both hydroxide ions and water molecules diffuse via both small- and large-step displacement. With decreasing hydration level and temperature, the diffusion is increasingly governed by the jump-diffusion mechanism. The larger contribution of jump-diffusion comes from the stronger caging of the diffusing species by the solvent at lower hydration levels and temperature. These results, therefore, suggest that the hydration level and temperature of the hydroxide ion exchange membrane determine the detailed mechanism of the vehicular diffusion of hydroxide ion, especially whether the diffusion follows hydrodynamics or not.